It is time to classify biological aging as a disease

Bulterijs, Sven; Hull, Raphaella; Björk, Victor; Roy, Avi G.

doi:10.3389/fgene.2015.00205

Cited by 100 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The N-d innervation in the sacral spinal cord became a vulnerable part with aging deterioration, to partake the incontinence, constipation, erectile dysfunction and pelvic organ collapse. Bulterijs et al demonstrate biological aging to classify as a disease [63]. We further hypothesis that the abnormality of the N-d positivity in the sacral spinal cord and dysfunction of urogenital organs agree with "biological aging as a disease".…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Spacing spheroids, curl-up and coiled neuritic plexus of the sacral spinal cord of aged dog: Hypothesis based on continued NADPH diaphorase histological observations

Jia

Hou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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NADPH diaphorase (N-d) neurons distribute in spinal cord and function for visceral sensation and autonomic regulation. N-d positive neurons innervate pelvic organs. In previous investigation, we report that aging-related N-d body (ANB) in the lumbosacral spinal cord in aged rat and megaloneurite in the sacral spinal cord in aged dog. This article was a continued data report of aging-related N-d alterations in aged dog. N-d positivity in aged spinal cord has revealed a certain of morphological profiles in the spinal cord of several species. However, we still found some denoted N-d neurodegenerative changes that we failed to notice in our previous studies when reexamination of the sacral spinal cord of aged dog. In the horizontal section, spacing spheroids in the superficial laminae of the dorsal horn, curl-up and coiled neurites in the intermediate zone were detected in the sacral spinal cord. The ANB and vacuolar neurite were also detected. Vacuolar degeneration also occurred in the dorsal ganglia at the sacral segment. The curl-up and coiled neurites did not occur in the lumbothoracic segment, but the ANB and vacuolar neurite were scatteringly detected in in the lumbothoracic segment of aged dog. The results suggested that the N-d sensory inputs interrupted and disconnected with integration of autonomic centers and output circuits of regulating urogenital organs during the aging. These specialized profiles were speculated that the N-d neurite deterioration of visceral sensory circuit implicated dysfunction of pelvic organs in the aging. Megaloneurite and fiber dilation may make backward reasoning to N-d fiber architecture under normal condition.Urinary incontinence is clinical epidemiological health issues of older adults[1] Constipation is also common in adults older than 60 years [2]. Generally, constipation is considered for the peripheral enteric neurodegeneration [3,4]. Erectile dysfunction in men is also a sign of an underlying aging condition [5]. The sensation of the aging spinal cord could be changed in the singling circuitry in the dorsal horn of the lumbosacral segment [6]. The impact of aging on the cellular composition of the spinal cord reveals aging-associated changes in the numbers of neurons and non-neuronal cells [7].The sacral spinal cord innervates of the urogenital organs [8,9]. The relevant cell bodies of autonomic neurons distribute in the dorsal horn, intermediolateral nucleus (IML), dorsal commissural nucleus (DCN). In the dog [9, 10] and monkey [11], autonomic neurons also locate in the anterior horn. Many neuropeptides distribute in these neurons [12,13]. The NADPH diaphorase (N-d) is also important neuronal enzyme identical to nitric oxide synthase (NOS) distributed in the autonomic spinal cord[14-16], although some experiments may not completely reach the consistent conclusion [17][18][19][20]. Up to date, the N-d is also commonly used to investigate the neurodegenerative diseases[21-23]. Aging-related N-d alterations have been studied in the sacral spinal cord in the rat [18], dog[2...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Spacing spheroids, curl-up and coiled neuritic plexus of the sacral spinal cord of aged dog: Hypothesis based on continued NADPH diaphorase histological observations

Jia

Hou

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In their study Katz and Calasanti (2014) found that the majority of their participants believed that successful ageing was more about the absence of disabling geriatric diseases. In contrast, Bulterijs, Hull, Björk and Roy, (2015) noted that respondents in his study believed that disease and infirmity were natural processes during old age, hence they considered successful ageing in terms of one's ability to save, so as to be able to take care of oneself when these natural processes occur. Feather (2015) states that in their study they observed a significant trend among older persons who occupied venerated religious, political and sociocultural positions who interpreted successful ageing in terms of some altruistic and philanthropic works they did.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Social Constructions of Successful Ageing: The Case of Ruware Park in Marondera, Zimbabwe

Mbulayi

Kang’ethe

2019

SWORK

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ethe Social constructions of successful ageing provide an invaluable resource for challenging and reconfiguring approaches and models of geriatric care. This paper has established that contrary to normative framing of successful ageing as that (ageing) which is free from diseases and infirmity, older persons in Ruware Park of Marondera had some social, cultural, personal and economic conceptualisations of the notion. Based on these varied conceptualisations, this paper has advocated for the remodelling of geriatric care programmes, policies and philosophies towards infusing localised notions of successful ageing in forming comprehensive and multidimensional geriatric intervention plans. Social work is critical in effectuating the change.

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“…On the quest to tackle underlying joint solutions to age-related frailty and various agerelated diseases, progress is moving from small-scale companies to pharmaceutical companies such as the Calico company created by Google, Human Longevity, Navitor Pharmaceuticals or others (McGreevey 2015). Attempts are being done to officially define aging as a disease in order for such research to find corresponding funds for the pharmaceutical industry and for treatments to be covered by health insurance (Hayden 2015, Zhavoronkov and Bhullar 2015, Bulterijs et al 2015, Gems 2013.…”

Section: How Serious Is Biogerontology About Strong Life Extensions?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Do actuaries believe in longevity deceleration?

Debonneuil

Loisel

Planchet

2018

Insurance: Mathematics and Economics

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As more and more people believe that significant life extensions may come soon, should commonly used future mortality assumptions be considered prudent? We find here that commonly used actuarial tables for annuitants -as well as the Lee-Carter model -do not extrapolate life expectancy at the same rate for future years as for past years; instead they produce some longevity deceleration. This is typically because their mortality improvements decrease after a certain age, and those age-specific improvements are constant over time. As potential alternatives i) we study the Bongaarts model that produces straight increases in life expectancy; ii) we adapt it to produce best-practice longevity trends iii) we compare with various longevity scenarios even including a model for "life extension velocity". iv) after gathering advances in biogerontology we discuss elements to help retirement systems cope with a potential strong increase in life expectancy.

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It is time to classify biological aging as a disease

Cited by 100 publications

References 38 publications

Spacing spheroids, curl-up and coiled neuritic plexus of the sacral spinal cord of aged dog: Hypothesis based on continued NADPH diaphorase histological observations

Spacing spheroids, curl-up and coiled neuritic plexus of the sacral spinal cord of aged dog: Hypothesis based on continued NADPH diaphorase histological observations

Social Constructions of Successful Ageing: The Case of Ruware Park in Marondera, Zimbabwe

Do actuaries believe in longevity deceleration?

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