It Is Just Harder to Construct Memories for False Autobiographical Events

Pezdek, Kathy; Blandón-Gitlin, Iris

doi:10.1002/acp.3269

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Empirical studies of these evocative effects have resulted in a complicated pattern of findings, with reports of both benefits and costs on recollection accuracy. Recent reviews have summarized these effects and highlighted contributing factors (e.g., Pezdek & Blandon-Gitlin, 2017;Scoboria et al, 2017;Storm & Soares, in press). However, the review offered in the current article casts the complicated pattern of findings in new light by calling attention to the striking ways in which the acts of looking at photographs vary considerably across prior studies.…”

Section: Purpose and Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus far, studies of the costs associated with looking at photographs have focused on recollections of actual experiences from one's personal past. However, potential costs that have garnered considerable attention from memory researchers focus on photographs associated with fictional events (e.g., Garry & Wade, 2005;Pezdek & Blandon-Gitlin, 2017;Scoboria et al, 2017;Strange et al, 2006Strange et al, , 2008. As part of what memory researchers refer to as implantation procedures, participants are asked to try to recall several childhood events, rating the likelihood they experienced these events as children.…”

Section: Costs Of (Re)viewing Photographs On Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Photographic Reviews on Recollections of the Personal Past: A New Perspective on Benefits and Costs

Foley

2020

Review of General Psychology

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Empirical studies of the power of photographs on recollections of the personal past have produced a complicated set of results, with reports of both costs and benefits on recollection accuracy. The purpose of the selective review offered in the current paper is to cast in new light this complicated pattern of findings by calling for close attention to the acts of looking, including the timing of the looking in relation to acts of remembering. Incorporating a broad range of scholarly perspectives, the current article’s interdisciplinary component points to specific features of photograph-looking experiences that warrant further study. The current review provides an overview of benefits in memory for event and event details, indexed by enhancements in recall and recognition measures. The overview of costs includes reductions in the amount remembered as well as changes in belief about event occurrences. Reconstruction accounts of the basis for these effects follows the analysis of benefits and costs. The new perspective in the current review leads to intriguing directions for future research involving content of photographs, the ways they are obtained, and aspects of the photograph review experience.

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Section: Purpose and Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Costs Of (Re)viewing Photographs On Memorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Photographic Reviews on Recollections of the Personal Past: A New Perspective on Benefits and Costs

Foley

2020

Review of General Psychology

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“…Research in false memory has found that the plausibility of an event, that is, the likelihood of the event’s occurrence (Pezdek, Blandon-Gitlin, Lam, Hart, & Schooler, 2006; Pezdek, Finger, & Hodge, 1997) is an important moderator to the generation of false memories. Thus, individuals are less likely to incorporate misinformation into their memories of an event when that information describes an event that is implausible (unlikely to have occurred; Mazzoni, Loftus, & Kirsch, 2001; Pezdek & Blandon-Gitlin, 2017; Pezdek et al, 1997), because they are presumably more likely to correctly attribute the information to its source, rather than misattributing it to their personal experience (Johnson, 2006; Johnson et al, 1993; Johnson & Raye, 1981, 2000; Mitchell & Johnson, 2000, 2009). For example, research has shown that events that were more consistent with individuals’ script-level knowledge (i.e., memory traces for similar, related experiences) and, thus more likely to have occurred in the past (e.g., increased plausibility of the false memory) were more likely to result in memory errors.…”

Section: Prior Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Motivated reconstruction: The effect of brand commitment on false memories.

Montgomery¹,

Rajagopal

2018

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Applied

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Across 5 studies, we examine the effect of prior brand commitment on the creation of false memories about product experience after reading online product reviews. We find that brand commitment and the valence of reviews to which consumers are exposed, interact to affect the incidence of false memories. Thus, highly committed consumers are more susceptible to the creation of false experience memories on exposure to positive versus negative reviews, whereas low commitment consumers exhibit similar levels of false memories in response to both positive and negative reviews. Further, these differences across brand commitment are attenuated when respondents are primed with an accuracy motivation, suggesting that the biasing effects of commitment are likely because of the motivation to defend the committed brand. Finally, we find that differences in false memories subsequently lead to differences in intentions to spread word-of-mouth (e.g., recommend the product to friends), suggesting that the consequences of false product experience memories can be significant for marketers and consumers. Our findings contribute to the literatures in false memory and marketing by documenting a motivated bias in false memories because of brand commitment. (PsycINFO Database Record

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A mega-analysis of memory reports from eight peer-reviewed false memory implantation studies

Scoboria

Wade

Lindsay

et al. 2016

Memory

152

119

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(2016) A mega-analysis of memory reports from eight peer-reviewed false memory implantation studies. Memory, 25 (2). pp. 146-163. Permanent WRAP URL:http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/83729 Copyright and reuse:The Warwick Research Archive Portal (WRAP) makes this work by researchers of the University of Warwick available open access under the following conditions. Copyright © and all moral rights to the version of the paper presented here belong to the individual author(s) and/or other copyright owners. To the extent reasonable and practicable the material made available in WRAP has been checked for eligibility before being made available.Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. A note on versions:The version presented here may differ from the published version or, version of record, if you wish to cite this item you are advised to consult the publisher's version. Please see the 'permanent WRAP URL' above for details on accessing the published version and note that access may require a subscription. In Press, Memory, November 9, 2016. This is not the official copy of record; the final published version may differ slightly.Author note: Please direct correspondence to A. Scoboria, Department of Psychology, 401 Sunset, Windsor, Ontario, Canada, N9B 3P4, scoboria@uwindsor.ca; K. Wade, Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, University Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL, United Kingdom, K.A.Wade@warwick.ac.uk; S. Lindsay, Department of Psychology, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria BC, Canada,V8W 2Y2, slindsay@uvic.ca. This research was supported by a Natural Science and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant to the first author (RGPIN/327570−2012). The authors thank the many research assistants who contributed to this research. RUNNING HEAD: Mega-analysis of False Memory Reports… 2 AbstractUnderstanding that suggestive practices can promote false beliefs and false memories for childhood events is important in many settings (e.g., psychotherapeutic, medical, legal). The generalizability of findings from memory implantation studies has been questioned due to variability in estimates across studies. Such variability is partly due to false memories having been operationalized differently across studies and to differences in memory induction techniques. We explored ways of defining false memory based on memory science and developed a reliable coding system that we applied to reports from eight published implantation studies (N=423). Independent raters coded transcripts using seven criteria: accepting the suggestion, elaboration beyond the suggestion, imagery, coherence, emotion, memory statements, and not rejecting the suggestion. Using this scheme, 30.4% of cases were classified as false memories and another 23% wer...

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It Is Just Harder to Construct Memories for False Autobiographical Events

Cited by 5 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of Photographic Reviews on Recollections of the Personal Past: A New Perspective on Benefits and Costs

Effects of Photographic Reviews on Recollections of the Personal Past: A New Perspective on Benefits and Costs

Motivated reconstruction: The effect of brand commitment on false memories.

A mega-analysis of memory reports from eight peer-reviewed false memory implantation studies

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