Isurium Brigantum : an archaeological survey of Roman Aldborough

Abstract

Previous antiquarian and archaeological work 2.1 Knowledge up to the mid eighteenth century 2.2 The later eighteenth century 2.3 The first half of the nineteenth century 2.4 From the 1850s to the 1920s 2.5 Excavations of the 1920s and 1930s 2.6 From the 1940s to the 1980s 2.7 The 1990s onwards The geophysical surveys 29 3.1 Introduction Methodology Presentation of the results 3.2 Area 1: Northwestern intra-mural area 3.3 Area 2: Northeastern intra-mural area Note on terracing in the southern half of the town 3.4 Area 3: Central intra-mural strip

A long walk in the Italian countryside: Large‐scale geophysical survey within the emptyscapes initiative: Examples from the Grosseto‐Roselle valley, South Tuscany, Italy

“…On the basis of these and other recent advances, it seems likely that geophysical techniques of various kinds—in particular magnetometry and GPR—may in the coming decades produce at least as wide a range and degree and detail about the buried archaeology of the open countryside as either of these aerial techniques, especially (in the right circumstances) through the use of mechanically towed multi‐instrument devices like those already employed to great effect—and at surprising speed—by research teams on the ‘open’ landscape around the Roman city of Aldborough in Yorkshire (Ferraby & Millett, 2020) and on the Salisbury Plain in Southern England (Gaffney et al, 2012, 2018, 2020). Relatively few institutes or collaborative teams, however, will have the financial resources to develop or acquire such instruments, and they may well prove impractical in a heavily farmed ‘multi‐crop’ agricultural landscape like that of the lowland between Grosseto and Roselle.…”

“…For these and other reasons, it might not be possible to choose a single 'best' survey method or technique for all fields within an intended target area. A better choice, in purely practical terms, may be to proceed with large-scale survey using a single technique and an 'all-purpose' set of equipment and operational routines, except where there are specific local conditions that suggest a more efficient alternative such as large-scale, highly mechanized and inevitably expensive arrangements like those that have been used so successfully in the very different context of the open pastureland of the Salisbury Plain in southern England (Gaffney et al, 2012(Gaffney et al, , 2018(Gaffney et al, , 2020McOmish et al, 2002 (Ferraby & Millett, 2020) and on the Salisbury Plain in Southern England (Gaffney et al, 2012(Gaffney et al, , 2018(Gaffney et al, , 2020. Relatively few institutes or collaborative teams, however, will have the financial resources to develop or acquire such instruments, and they may well prove impractical in a heavily farmed 'multi-crop' agricultural landscape like that of the lowland between Grosseto and Roselle.…”