“…Clinically significant cancer is present in 8-10 % of all men (Stamey et al, 1993) and of these 16-28 % have familial clustering of clinically detected prostate cancer (Carter et al, 1992;Schaid et al, 1998;Paiss et al, 2001). But up to 40 % of men have clinically insignificant microcancer (!0.5 cm 3 ) or high grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) that is found in a series of cystoprostatectomy specimens (Stamey et al, 1993) or autopsy studies (Franks, 1954;Pontes, 1999;Sakr, 1999). Thus, less than a fourth of those carrying prostate cancer will present with the clinical disease later in life.…”