Issues in Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Fong, I. W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-36966-8_3

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

References 98 publications

(106 reference statements)

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“…In the United States, there are an estimated 4-6 million annual cases of CAP, and CAP is responsible for 600,000 to 1.1 million hospitalizations and >$17 billion in health expenditures each year. [38][39][40][41][42] CAP is a major driver of hospital antibiotic use, which contributes to antibiotic resistance. CAP can be difficult to identify, and treatment is often suboptimal due to incorrect choice of therapy, dose, route, or duration.…”

Section: Treatment: Community-acquired Pneumoniamentioning

confidence: 99%

Machine learning and artificial intelligence: applications in healthcare epidemiology

Hamilton

Strauss

Martínez

et al. 2021

ASHE

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Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the performance of tasks by machines ordinarily associated with human intelligence. Machine learning (ML) is a subtype of AI; it refers to the ability of computers to draw conclusions (ie, learn) from data without being directly programmed. ML builds from traditional statistical methods and has drawn significant interest in healthcare epidemiology due to its potential for improving disease prediction and patient care. This review provides an overview of ML in healthcare epidemiology and practical examples of ML tools used to support healthcare decision making at 4 stages of hospital-based care: triage, diagnosis, treatment, and discharge. Examples include model-building efforts to assist emergency department triage, predicting time before septic shock onset, detecting community-acquired pneumonia, and classifying COVID-19 disposition risk level. Increasing availability and quality of electronic health record (EHR) data as well as computing power provides opportunities for ML to increase patient safety, improve the efficiency of clinical management, and reduce healthcare costs.

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