Issues in co-morbid severe mental illnesses in HIV infected individuals

Angelino, Andrew F.; Treisman, Glenn J.

doi:10.1080/09540260701861989

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Over age 50, HIV-positive adults appear to have higher rates of depression and poorer cognitive function (Nguyen and Holodniy 2008; Angelino and Treisman 2008) which may be in turn related to changes in immune profiles with age. The common link appears to be inflammation (Deeks 2010).…”

Section: Mechanisms Involved In Aging Psychiatric Comorbidities Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric complications of aging with HIV

Watkins

Treisman

2012

J. Neurovirol.

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Persons over age 50 are not only aging with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection but also represent a high proportion of new HIV infections. Neuropsychiatric symptoms, including depression, cognitive impairment, and substance abuse, are very common in individuals infected with HIV. However, there is little understanding of the relationship between these HIV-related comorbid conditions in newly infected elderly patients compared to uninfected elderly and those who have survived after 20 years of HIV/AIDS. We summarize the current theories and research that link aging and HIV with psychiatric illnesses and identify emerging areas for improved research, treatment, and patient care.

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Section: Mechanisms Involved In Aging Psychiatric Comorbidities Andmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropsychiatric complications of aging with HIV

Watkins

Treisman

2012

J. Neurovirol.

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“…1 Secondly, patients with mental illness have increased rates of unsafe sexual practices, poverty, homelessness and substance abuse -all of which increase the risk to become HIV infected. 2,3 Despite the current pro-active stance the South African government is taking towards HIV testing, routine HIV testing is hardly ever done in the mentally ill patient, possibly due to the perceived difficulty of obtaining informed consent from a mentally ill person. Testing for HIV is usually reserved for cases of clinical suspicion of HIV infection, when there is psychiatric diagnostic uncertainty, or when a needle-prick injury, sexual assault, or physical assault involving bloodhuman bites, for example -has occurred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV sero-positivity in recently admitted and long-term psychiatric in-patients: prevalence and diagnostic profile

Henning¹,

Krüger²,

Fletcher³

2012

Afr. J. Psych

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Objective: Research on HIV in South Africa has not reflected the impact of the disease on psychiatric patients. The aims of the study were: to compare the HIV prevalence among patient groups in Weskoppies Hospital; to compare psychiatric diagnoses of infected and non-infected patients; to assess intravenous drug use and high-risk sexual behaviour; to establish HIV-syphilis association; and to investigate the rapid test performance for screening, compared to the confirmatory ELISA test. Method: Onehundred-and-ninety-five patients were grouped into four categories according to their duration of admission and gender. HIV rapid testing, HIV ELISA, syphilis-RPR and TPHA testing were performed. Results: The HIV prevalence of 11% in the sample was significantly associated with 'gender-and-duration-of-admission' categories (p=0.003). No significant association between HIV infection and psychiatric diagnoses or intravenous drug use was found, but a significant association existed between HIV infection and high-risk sexual behaviour (p=0.002), and between HIV and syphilis (p=0.012). The HIV rapid screening test had a sensitivity of 91.7% and a specificity of 98.2%. Conclusion: The overall HIV prevalence at Weskoppies Hospital remains lower than the national average, but has increased since a previous local study. The rapid test for HIV had a lower sensitivity than was expected, and it is recommended that HIV ELISA testing be performed as a first line test in the setting of hospitalised patients. Due to the high prevalence of HIV and syphilis in the psychiatric population it is recommended that all patients be tested for both of these diseases.

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“…Cognitive impairment, including altered mental status, memory loss and language deficits, occurs in up to 50% of patients [15,16]. HIV also leads to a "lack of mental reserve" and an increased risk for delirium [17]. Psychosis, delusions and other psychiatric manifestations are also common in these patients [18].…”

Section: Can Hiv/aids Explain Her Psychiatric Symptoms?mentioning

confidence: 99%