Issues and Trends of Depression among Students in Malaysia

Ishak, Nor Asikhin; Ahmad, Nor Shafrin; Omar, Mohd Norakmar

doi:10.13189/ujer.2020.082230

Cited by 11 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is scored using a 5-point Likert scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree, with scores ranging between 10- and 50. The scores will be categorized as low ( 10 – 29 ), moderate ( 30 – 39 ), and high self-esteem ( 40 – 50 ). The questionnaire has been translated into Bahasa Malaysia and validated with good psychometric properties ( 38 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Its Association With Self-Esteem and Lifestyle Factors Among School-Going Adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

et al. 2022

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IntroductionDepression is a prevalent mental health condition worldwide and in Malaysia. Depression among adolescents has been steadily increasing. Self-esteem has been known to be associated with depression. It has been postulated that a poor lifestyle among adolescents is associated with depression. This paper aims to study the correlation of self-esteem, lifestyle (eating behavior, physical activity, and internet usage) with depression among Malaysian youth.MethodologyThis is a cross-sectional study among secondary school children from 5 random schools in an urban city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Those with intellectual disability and/or difficulty to comprehend Malay language, and without parental consent and assent, were excluded. Students from randomly selected classes aged 13-year-old to 17-year-old were invited to fill in these questionnaires: Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-esteem Questionnaire, Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ-A), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaires (EDE-Q), Internet Addiction Test Scale (IAT), and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI).Result461 students participated in the study. 21.5% of the participating students were found to have depression (n = 99). Younger age and Chinese race showed significant association with adolescent depression with a p-value of 0.032 and 0.017 respectively. Other significant correlations with depression were self-esteem (p = 0.013), disordered eating (p = 0.000), lower physical activity (p = 0.014) and problematic internet usage (p = 0.000).DiscussionThe prevalence of depression among adolescents in this study (21.5%) is in line with previous prevalence studies in Malaysia. Self-esteem is postulated to be a moderating factor for depression hence explaining the significant association. A sedentary lifestyle may increase the risk of developing depression, The causal relationship between problematic internet usage and depression is complex and difficult to establish. This is similar to the relationship between problematic eating behavior and depression as well.ConclusionThere is still a need to explore the causal relationship between lifestyle factors and depression among youth. Despite that, the results from this paper have accentuated the gravity of the importance of a healthy lifestyle among adolescents. An appropriate preventive measure is governmental strategies and policies aiming at improving a healthier lifestyle in this age group.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression and Its Association With Self-Esteem and Lifestyle Factors Among School-Going Adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

et al. 2022

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“…First, the prevalence of depression is significantly higher than before COVID-19 (Barendse et al, 2021 ; Siu & US Preventive Services Task Force*, 2016 ). Ishak et al ( 2020 ) conducted a depression survey and found that the incidence of moderate depression was 15% (DASS21 depression > 8) among 3932 students from Malaysia. However, a survey in 2015 of 10,123 United States adolescents showed that the prevalence of depression was 7.5% (Avenevoli et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How final year high school students’ depression develop during COVID-19 in China? A latent class growth modeling analysis

Zhang

Zhou

2023

Curr Psychol

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Depression increased sharply during the initial months of COVID-19, but how it developed over time is rarely explored, especially for adolescents. The current study measured depression of 605 final year high school students in China over 11 months in 4 waves. The latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) was used to examine overall trends in depression and latent class growth modeling (LCGM) was used to identify potential subgroups of adolescents' depressive trajectories. At the same time, gender, life events, and rumination were included as time-invariant covariates. Overall, the development of depression in the final year of high school students showed a slight downward trend. Meanwhile, the depression trajectories showed heterogeneity, and three categories of depression trajectories were identified, which were low-stable (24.3%), depression-risk (67.9%), and high-stable (7.8%). Neuroticism, rumination, and life events such as punishment and loss were found to significantly predict these trajectories of depression. This study helps to characterize differential depression trajectories among adolescents throughout the COVID-19 pandemic and establish several related predictors of the trajectory of depression.

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“…Students also suffer from these appalling mental and psychological illnesses (Ghatol, 2017). School pupils are also affected by stress and depression (Ishak, Ahmad, & Omar, 2020). Students' emotional wellbeing must be competent for them to thrive intellectually (White & Kern, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness-based Classroom Intervention: Boon or Bane to ESL Teachers in Malaysia?

et al. 2023

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Issues and Trends of Depression among Students in Malaysia

Cited by 11 publications

References 21 publications

Depression and Its Association With Self-Esteem and Lifestyle Factors Among School-Going Adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Depression and Its Association With Self-Esteem and Lifestyle Factors Among School-Going Adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

How final year high school students’ depression develop during COVID-19 in China? A latent class growth modeling analysis

Mindfulness-based Classroom Intervention: Boon or Bane to ESL Teachers in Malaysia?

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