ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tools Retrospective version (ICAST-R): Delphi study and field testing in seven countries

Dunne, Michael P.; Zolotor, Adam J.; Runyan, Desmond K.; Andreva-Miller, Inna; Choo, Wan Yuen; Dunne, Simon; Gerbaka, Bernard; Isaeva, Oksana; Jain, Dipty; Kasim, Mohd Sham; Macfarlane, Bonnie; Mamyrova, Nurgul; Ramirez, Clemencia; Volkova, Elena; Youssef, Randa M.

doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2009.09.005

Cited by 148 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…AIDS-related stigma was measured using the Stigma-by-Association Scale [40], validated for South Africa [41]. Caregiver’s history of maltreatment during childhood was assessed using an adapted version of the ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool-Retrospective (ICAST-R) [42] (15 items). Caregiver exposure to intimate partner violence was measured using the revised Conflict Tactics Scale (10 items, α = 0.50) [43].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing child abuse amongst adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: A pre-post trial in South Africa

et al. 2016

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BackgroundNo known studies have tested the effectiveness of child abuse prevention programmes for adolescents in low- or middle-income countries. ‘Parenting for Lifelong Health’ (http://tiny.cc/whoPLH) is a collaborative project to develop and rigorously test abuse-prevention parenting programmes for free use in low-resource contexts. Research aims of this first pre-post trial in South Africa were: i) to identify indicative effects of the programme on child abuse and related outcomes; ii) to investigate programme safety for testing in a future randomised trial, and iii) to identify potential adaptations.MethodsTwo hundred thirty participants (adolescents and their primary caregivers) were recruited from schools, welfare services and community-sampling in rural, high-poverty South Africa (no exclusion criteria). All participated in a 12-week parenting programme, implemented by local NGO childcare workers to ensure real-world external validity. Standardised pre-post measures with adolescents and caregivers were used, and paired t-tests were conducted for primary outcomes: abuse (physical, emotional abuse and neglect), adolescent behaviour problems and parenting (positive and involved parenting, poor monitoring and inconsistent discipline), and secondary outcomes: mental health, social support and substance use.ResultsParticipants reported high levels of socio-economic deprivation, e.g. 60 % of adolescents had either an HIV-positive caregiver or were orphaned by AIDS, and 50 % of caregivers experienced intimate partner violence. i) indicative effects: Primary outcomes comparing pre-test and post-test assessments showed reductions reported by adolescents and caregivers in child abuse (adolescent report 63.0 % pre-test to 29.5 % post-test, caregiver report 75.5 % pre-test to 36.5 % post-test, both p < 0.001) poor monitoring/inconsistent discipline (p < .001), adolescent delinquency/aggressive behaviour (both p < .001), and improvements in positive/involved parenting (p < .01 adolescent report, p < .001 caregiver report). Secondary outcomes showed improved social support (p < .001 adolescent and caregiver reports), reduced parental and adolescent depression (both p < .001), parenting stress (p < .001 caregiver report) and caregiver substance use (p < .002 caregiver report). There were no changes in adolescent substance use. No negative effects were detected. ii) Programme acceptability and attendance was high. There was unanticipated programme diffusion within some study villages, with families initiating parenting groups in churches, and diffusion through school assemblies and religious sermons. iii) potential adaptations identified included the need to strengthen components on adolescent substance use and to consider how to support spontaneous programme diffusion with fidelity.ConclusionsThe programme showed no signs of harm and initial evidence of reductions in child abuse and improved caregiver and adolescent outcomes. It showed high acceptability and unexpected community-level diffusion. Findings indicate needs fo...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reducing child abuse amongst adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: A pre-post trial in South Africa

et al. 2016

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“…The participants were screened for childhood abuse using the International Society on Prevention of Child Abuse and Neglect (ISPCAN) -Child Abuse Screening Tool Retrospective -(ISPCAN, The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) and ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tool -Retrospective Retrospective version (ICAST-R)) (Dunne et al, 2009). Permission to use this screening tool was obtained from ISPCAN.…”

Section: Assessmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of childhood abuse among women with psychiatric disorders compared with healthy women: Data from a tertiary care centre in India

Jangam

Muralidharan

Tansa

et al. 2015

Child Abuse & Neglect

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“…Extrapolation of the insights gained in non-Asian countries is problematic because the prevalence of specific acts of violence, their perpetrators and the social settings in which abuse occurs vary among countries and cultures. [15][16][17][18] Indeed, considerable differences appear to exist between Asia and other regions in the frequency of child sexual abuse and intrafamilial or school-based physical abuse. [19][20][21][22] The factors that potentiate child abuse and place children at risk of poor mental health might not be generalizable across cultures.…”

Section: Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple types of child maltreatment and adolescent mental health in Viet Nam

Nguyen¹,

Dunne²,

Le³

2010

Bull World Health Org

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Objective To examine the prevalence of multiple types of maltreatment (MTM), potentially confounding factors and associations with depression, anxiety and self-esteem among adolescents in Viet Nam. Methods In 2006 we conducted a cross-sectional survey of 2591 students (aged 12-18 years; 52.1% female) from randomlyselected classes in eight secondary schools in urban (Hanoi) and rural (Hai Duong) areas of northern Viet Nam (response rate, 94.7%). Sequential multiple regression analyses were performed to estimate the relative influence of individual, family and social characteristics and of eight types of maltreatment, including physical, emotional and sexual abuse and physical or emotional neglect, on adolescent mental health. Findings Females reported more neglect and emotional abuse, whereas males reported more physical abuse, but no statistically significant difference was found between genders in the prevalence of sexual abuse. Adolescents were classified as having nil (32.6%), one (25.9%), two (20.7%), three (14.5%) or all four (6.3%) maltreatment types. Linear bivariate associations between MTM and depression, anxiety and low self-esteem were observed. After controlling for demographic and family factors, MTM showed significant independent effects. The proportions of the variance explained by the models ranged from 21% to 28%. Conclusion The combined influence of adverse individual and family background factors and of child maltreatment upon mental health in adolescents in Viet Nam is consistent with research in non-Asian countries. Emotional abuse was strongly associated with each health indicator. In Asian communities where child abuse is often construed as severe physical violence, it is important to emphasize the equally pernicious effects of emotional maltreatment.Une traduction en français de ce résumé figure à la fin de l'article. Al final del artículo se facilita una traducción al español. ‫املقالة.‬ ‫لهذه‬ ‫الكامل‬ ‫النص‬ ‫نهاية‬ ‫يف‬ ‫الخالصة‬ ‫لهذه‬ ‫العربية‬ ‫الرتجمة‬

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ISPCAN Child Abuse Screening Tools Retrospective version (ICAST-R): Delphi study and field testing in seven countries

Cited by 148 publications

References 35 publications

Reducing child abuse amongst adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: A pre-post trial in South Africa

Reducing child abuse amongst adolescents in low- and middle-income countries: A pre-post trial in South Africa

Incidence of childhood abuse among women with psychiatric disorders compared with healthy women: Data from a tertiary care centre in India

Multiple types of child maltreatment and adolescent mental health in Viet Nam

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