Isotopically Modified Molybdenum: Production for Application in Nuclear Energy

Smirnov, A. Yu.; Bonarev, A.K.; Sulaberidze, G. A.; Borisevich, V. D.; Kulikov, G. G.; Шмелев, А. Н.

doi:10.1016/j.phpro.2015.09.034

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, for LWRs the intended molybdenum content requires the use of molybdenum depleted in 95 Mo (DepMo), since 95 Mo has a relatively large cross section for thermal neutronssee Table 1. The possibility of producing isotopically modified molybdenum at a reasonable price has been re-confirmed recently [14]. Such CerMet fuel is expected to have considerably better behaviour during operation, amongst other reasons, due to its excellent thermal conductivity (l = 116 W.m -1 .K -1 at 600 °C [5,15]), which reduces the maximum temperature in the central part of the pellet, and therefore the release of gaseous fission products will be lower [16].…”

Section: Cermet Mo-based Fuel For Light Water Reactors (Depmo)mentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Especially in such a case, it will be necessary to get rid of all the radioactive impurities that would render unusable most of the technologies for molybdenum isotope separation, e.g. in gas centrifuges [35].…”

Section: Possible Problems In the Stepmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also taking in account their nuclear properties, it can be assumed that the main fission, corrosion and activation products that will not be precipitated by ammonium hydroxide will include: 14 [34].…”

Section: Possible Problems In the Stepmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Recycling of isotopically modified molybdenum from irradiated CerMet nuclear fuel: part 1—concept design and assessment

Mareš

John

2019

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper deals with concept design and assessment of a process for the recovery of isotopically modified molybdenum from irradiated nuclear CerMet fuels containing the transuranium element (TRU) oxides in a metallic molybdenum matrix. The recovery of isotopically modified Mo should enable re-use of this valuable resource especially in the case of uranium-free fuels/targets for Accelerator-Driven Transmuters (ADT). The process concept proposed is a modification of the standard hydrometallurgical way of molybdenum processing. Further, the most significant expected radionuclidic impurities in the molybdate raffinate were predicted. Separation of these impurities from the concentrated molybdate solution will be described in the following parts of this miniseries.

show abstract

Section: Cermet Mo-based Fuel For Light Water Reactors (Depmo)mentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Possible Problems In the Stepmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Recycling of isotopically modified molybdenum from irradiated CerMet nuclear fuel: part 1—concept design and assessment

Mareš

John

2019

J Radioanal Nucl Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The current industrial standard for isotopic enrichment is via cascades in gas centrifuges and this has been explored for Mo [37], but is likely to always be prohibitively expensive (based on the estimates in [37] it could cost several $100 million to produce enough enriched Mo for the armour of a fusion reactor via gas centrifuges). A more detailed cost analysis is beyond the scope of this paper, but it is clear that new (or refined) industrial-scale separation techniques are needed to reduce the costs.…”

Section: Isotopic Tailoring Of Mo: a Solution For Fusion?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental validation of inventory simulations on molybdenum and its isotopes for fusion applications

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Molybdenum is a potential material for future nuclear fusion experiments and power plants. It has good thermo-mechanical properties and can be readily fabricated, making it attractive as an alternative material to tungsten (the current leading candidate) for high neutron flux and high thermal load regions of fusion devices. Unfortunately, exposure to fusion neutrons is predicted to cause significant radioactivity in elemental Mo for decades and centuries after exposure, which would be a problem during maintenance and decommissioning operations. Simulation predictions indicate that Mo activation could be reduced by isotopic adjustment (biasing). If these predictions are proven and validated, and if isotopic adjustment is technically and economically feasible, then Mo could be used in future demonstration and commercial reactors without significantly increasing the amount of long-term, higher-level radioactive waste. Transmutation (inventory) simulations used to predict activation rely on nuclear reaction data. The quality of these data impact on the confidence and uncertainty associated with predictions. Recently, UKAEA has developed benchmarks to test and validate the FISPACT-II inventory code and the input nuclear data libraries. Verification of molybdenum inventory simulations is performed against experimental decay-heat measurements from JAEA’s fusion neutron source (FNS) facility and using new data acquired from γ-spectroscopy measurements of Mo irradiated in the ASP 14 MeV facility in the UK. Results demonstrate that FISPACT-II predictions (with TENDL-2019 nuclear data) for Mo are accurate on the short-timescales (minutes, hours of irradiation and minutes, days, weeks of cooling) of these laboratory experiments. However, these kinds of experiments are limited in their coverage of the important radionuclides for decay radiation from Mo on the years, decades and beyond timescales. Further experiments with fusion relevant conditions and timescales, potentially with alternative measurement techniques, are still needed.

show abstract

“…Molybdenum (Mo) is an important high-melting transition metal, which exhibits excellent intrinsic physical properties, such as low thermal expansion, high hardness, high thermal and electrical conductivity, and high stability in high temperature, as well as unique d -band electron structure. − In addition, compared with the similar materials, Mo also has a smaller atomic number and lower density (nearly half that of tungsten), which makes it be widely used in several technical domains, including military and aerospace, medical imaging, semiconductor devices, the nuclear industry, optical and laser-based diagnostics under extreme environments . Besides the above characteristics, when the performance of single crystal is improved, the micro–nano-sized structure of Mo is very likely to further highlight the advantages in many aspects, such as mechanical, − electrical, , and optical properties. , In this way, such a micro–nano-sized structure may be accepted into the fields such as vacuum microelectronics–nanoelectronics and nanophotonics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pyramid-Shaped Single-Crystalline Nanostructure of Molybdenum with Excellent Mechanical, Electrical, and Optical Properties

Shen

Han

Zhan

et al. 2020

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Specific geometric morphology and improved crystalline properties are of great significance for the development of materials in micro–nano scale. However, for high-melting molybdenum (Mo), it is difficult to get high-quality structures exhibiting a single-crystalline nature and preconceived morphology simultaneously. In this paper, a pyramid-shaped single-crystalline Mo nanostructure was prepared through a thermal evaporation technique, as well as a series of experimental controls. Based on detailed characterizations, the growth mechanism was demonstrated to follow a sequential process that includes MoO2 decomposition and Mo deposition, single-crystalline islands formation, layered nucleation, and competitive growth. Furthermore, the product was measured to show excellent physical properties. The prepared nanostructures exhibited strong nano–indentation hardness, elastic modulus, and tensile strength in mechanical measurements, which are much higher than those of the Mo bulks. In the measurement of electronic characteristics, the individual structures indicated very good electrical transport properties, with a conductance of ∼0.16 S. The prepared film with an area of 0.02 cm2 showed large-current electron emission properties with a maximum current of 33.6 mA and a current density of 1.68 A cm–2. Optical properties of the structures were measured to show obvious electromagnetic field localization and enhancement, which enabled it to have good surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) activity as a substrate material. The corresponding structure–response relationships were further discussed. The reported physical properties profit from the basic features of the Mo nanostructures, including the micro–nano scale, the single-crystalline nature in each grain, as well as the pyramid-shaped top morphology. The findings may provide a potential material for the research and application of micro–nano electrons and photons.

show abstract

Isotopically Modified Molybdenum: Production for Application in Nuclear Energy

Cited by 10 publications

References 7 publications

Recycling of isotopically modified molybdenum from irradiated CerMet nuclear fuel: part 1—concept design and assessment

Recycling of isotopically modified molybdenum from irradiated CerMet nuclear fuel: part 1—concept design and assessment

Experimental validation of inventory simulations on molybdenum and its isotopes for fusion applications

Pyramid-Shaped Single-Crystalline Nanostructure of Molybdenum with Excellent Mechanical, Electrical, and Optical Properties

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About