Isotopic-yield ratios of complex fragments from intermediate-energy heavy-ion reactions

Wada, Roy; Hildenbrand, K. D.; Lynen, U.; Müller, W. F. J.; Rabe, Heike; Sann, H.; Stelzer, H.; Trautmann, W.; Trockel, R.; Brummund, N.; Glasow, R.; Kampert, K.‐H.; Santo, R.; Eckert, E.; Pochodzalla, J.; Böck, Ingrid; Pelte, D.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.58.1829

Cited by 56 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In view of the large entrance-channel angular momenta, reaching up to about 1000 h for the most peripheral collisions, they are rather moderate. On the other hand, it is known that major parts of the incoming energy, and consequently also angular momentum, are carried away by preequilibrium particles prior to the fragment emission [12,36]. We may thus conclude that the needed amount of rotation is not unreasonable and that it seems possible to interpret the deduced temperature parameters, i.e.…”

Section: E~ot_m =Au(rco)z/2; L=jco; R=r(lo8-a)/108mentioning

confidence: 86%

Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Milkau

Begemann-Blaich

Eckert

et al. 1993

Z. Physik A - Hadrons and Nuclei

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Abstract. Inclusive cross sections of intermediate mass fragments from the reaction 84Kr-~-I97Au at ElA = 35 MeV were measured over the range 8 ~ < Olab < 70 ~ with a low detection threshold. A moving-source parameterization was used to fit the double-differential cross sections. The integrated cross section for fragment production exceeds the total reaction cross section thus indicating a large probability for multi-fragment processes. The deduced large temperature parameters can be explained by assuming emission from a rotating source. From the comparison to reactions with 12C and 4~ projectiles at E/A = 30 MeV a systematics of inclusive fragment production as a function of the projectile mass is obtained. 25.70.Lm; 25.70.Mn; 25.70.Pq to 3.6 GeV, they seem to be associated with the larger IMF multiplicities [ 11 ]. PACS:In this work the systematics of the inclusive IMF production is extended to heavier projectiles. We report cross sections for the reaction at E/A = 35 MeV which were measured with a low detection threshold over a large range of angles. The atomic number of the observed fragments extends from Z = 3 up to Z = 36. Fragments up to Z = 24 were included in the moving-source analysis of the measured double-differential cross sections. By comparing to data for the reactions 12C "q-197Au[12] and 4~ + !97Au [6], both at E/A = 30 MeV, the role of the projectile mass in this energy regime is investigated. This measurement also complements the numerous exclusive studies of the 84Kr + 197Au reaction which were conducted in order to discern the dominant mechanisms of fragment production [13][14][15][16][17].

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Section: E~ot_m =Au(rco)z/2; L=jco; R=r(lo8-a)/108mentioning

confidence: 86%

Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Milkau

Begemann-Blaich

Eckert

et al. 1993

Z. Physik A - Hadrons and Nuclei

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“…yields of fragments [1][2][3][4][5]. Theoretical framework for fragmentation of asymmetric systems have been developed [6][7][8][9][10][11] and a possible phase transition into an isospin-symmetric liquid and an isospin-asymmetric gas phase have been suggested.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Isospin dependence of isobaric ratio and its relation to temperature

Veselský

Ibbotson²,

Laforest³

et al. 2001

Physics Letters B

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A dependence of the isobaric ratio Y( 3 H)/Y( 3 He) on the N/Z ratio of the reconstructed quasiprojectile for the reaction of 28 Si beam with 112,124 Sn targets at two different projectile energies of 30 and 50 MeV/nucleon is presented. We demonstrate a linear dependence of the observable ln(Y( 3 H)/Y( 3 He)) on the N/Z ratio of the quasiprojectile and show the dependence of the slope on the reconstructed excitation energy of the quasiprojectile. We relate this slope dependence at a given excitation energy to the temperature of the fragmenting system. Using the model assumptions of the statistical multifragmentation model, a method of temperature determination is proposed. A caloric curve is constructed and compared to the result of the double isotope ratio method for the same set of the data and to the results of other studies.

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“…Following the self-consistent approach [20], the ratios of the deduced symmetry energies with the g0 and g0AS interactions, , are first deduced for both sys-…”

Section: R Symmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determining the nuclear temperature dependence on source neutron-proton asymmetry in heavy-ion reactions at intermediate energy*

Huang²,

Zheng³

et al. 2023

Chinese Phys. C

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In this article, we investigate the dependence of nuclear temperature on the emitting source neutron-proton ($N/Z$) asymmetry with the light charged particles (LCPs) and the intermediate mass fragments (IMFs) generated from the intermediate-velocity sources in thirteen reaction systems with different $N/Z$ asymmetries, $^{64}\textrm{Zn}$ on $^{112}\textrm{Sn}$, and $^{70}\textrm{Zn}$, $^{64}\textrm{Ni}$ on $^{112,124}\textrm{Sn}$, $^{58,64}\textrm{Ni}$, $^{197}\textrm{Au}$, $^{232}\textrm{Th}$ at 40 MeV/nucleon. The apparent temperature values of LCPs and IMFs from different systems are deduced from the measured yields using two helium-related and eight carbon-related double isotope ratio thermometers, respectively. Then, the sequential decay effect on the experimental apparent temperature deduction with the double isotope ratio thermometers are quantitatively corrected explicitly with the aid of the quantum statistical model. The present treatment is an improvement compared to our previous works in which an indirect method was adopted to qualitatively take into account the sequential decay effect. A negligible $N/Z$ asymmetry dependence of the real temperature after the corrections is quantitatively addressed in the heavy-ion reactions at the present intermediate energy, that a change of 0.1 unit in source $N/Z$ asymmetry is corresponding to an absolute change in temperature on an order of 0.03 to 0.29 MeV in average for LCPs and IMFs. This conclusion is in close agreement with that inferred qualitatively via the indirect method in our previous works.

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Isotopic-yield ratios of complex fragments from intermediate-energy heavy-ion reactions

Cited by 56 publications

References 11 publications

Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Inclusive fragment production in84Kr +197Au atE/A=35 MeV

Isospin dependence of isobaric ratio and its relation to temperature

Determining the nuclear temperature dependence on source neutron-proton asymmetry in heavy-ion reactions at intermediate energy*

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