Isotopic Ratio Analysis in Residential Lead-Based Paint and Associated Surficial Dust

Abstract

From the samples from this one house, the data dispute the contention that intact lead-based paint chalks and creates lead-contaminated dust on its surface. While leaded household dust may contribute to children's lead exposure, intact paint need not contribute to surficial lead-laden dust. Isotopic ratio measurements can be useful for point-source determination by virtue of sample match and by placement of the ratio on the spectrum of isotopic ratio values for lead. Point-source assessment based on isotopic ratio was either strengthened or weakened by placement outside or within the average range for US environmental lead, respectively.

Investigation of Past and Present Multi-metal Input along Two Highways of British Columbia, Canada, Using Lead Isotopic Signatures

“…The figure shows a similar trend, but the correlation with Pb isotopic signatures is slightly improved. The strong relationship in the Canadian environment, as well as in other regions of the world, between low radiogenic Pb and anthropogenic Pb has been established (Sturges and Barrie 1987;Monna et al 1995Monna et al , 1997Jaeger et al 1998 Pb Enrichment Ratio Cu Enrichment Ratio d Fig. 9 Relationships between: a soil 206 Pb/ 207 Pb isotopic ratios and Pb concentrations; b soil 206 Pb/ 207 Pb isotopic ratios and enrichment ratios; c Cu and Pb enrichment ratios at Hwy 17; and d Cu and Pb enrichment ratios at Highway 1 explored, as an aid to possible identification of the anthropogenic presence of Cu, Mn, and Zn.…”

Use and abuse of Pb-isotope fingerprinting technique and GIS mapping data to assess lead in environmental studies

“…The only positive match outside the range of average modern environmental lead was for dust sample #2 with paint sample #3, both taken from the same location. Dust samples #8 and #9 correspond with paint sample #10, dust sample #5 corresponds with paint samples #6 and #7, dust sample #15 corresponds to paint sample #16, dust samples #11 and #12 correspond to paint sample #13, and dust samples #14 and #15 correspond to paint sample #16 (from Jaeger et al 1998) with a mean value of 1.200, a lower limit of 1.185 and an upper limit of 1.215 (see interior rectangle in Figs. 4,5).…”

“…Potential sources of lead contamination in one house in New Jersey, USA In this study, lead isotopic ratio analysis was conducted on the dust and paint samples within a vacant residence (Jaeger et al 1998). The purpose of this research effort was to assess the contribution of lead-based paint in the associated surficial dust.…”

“…Source attribution based on lead isotope technique can be made by virtue of sample match and by placement of the resulting ratio on the spectrum of values for lead from a variety of sources (Manton 1977;Rabinowitz 1987Rabinowitz , 1995Angle et al 1995;Jaeger et al 1998). Based on the results of two studies yielding similar results, one in the Midwest estimating the isotopic ratio of lead in urine of children (Manton et al 2000) and one in the Northeast estimating the isotopic ratio of lead in the blood of adults (Graziano et al 1996), a modern average range of 206 Pb/ 207 Pb ratios was developed Fig.…”

Toxicological profile for lead

“…Weathering and deterioration of Pb-based paint can contribute to the Pb content of dust and soil (Clark et al 2004;Hunt et al 1993;Jaeger et al 1998;Lucas et al 2014;Marcus and Elias 1995). A soil Pb study…”