Isotopic fractionation of carbon and chlorine by microbial degradation of dichloromethane

Heraty, Linnea J.; Fuller, Mark E.; Huang, Lin; Abrajano, T.A.; Sturchio, Neil C.

doi:10.1016/s0146-6380(99)00062-5

Cited by 108 publications

(89 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The latter range from Ϫ2.5 to Ϫ13.8 (4,10,23). This difference demonstrates that other degradation pathways with utilization of different enzymes can cause unique isotope fractionation patterns.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…For halogenated hydrocarbons, stable carbon isotope changes have been found for abiotic (2,3,6) and anaerobic (4,10,23) microbiological degradation. This study presents the first carbon isotope data set for aerobic degradation of TCE with B. cepacia G4.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even with these slight decreases of ε at more complete TCE degradation, a crucial observation is that these aerobic enrichment factors were significantly more negative than those determined for anaerobic TCE removal. Published data for anaerobic TCE removal range between Ϫ2.5 and Ϫ13.8 (4,10,23).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Carbon Isotope Fractionation during Aerobic Biodegradation of Trichloroethene by Burkholderia cepacia G4: a Tool To Map Degradation Mechanisms

Barth

Slater

Schüth

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The strain Burkholderia cepacia G4 aerobically mineralized trichloroethene (TCE) to CO 2 over a time period of ϳ20 h. Three biodegradation experiments were conducted with different bacterial optical densities at 540 nm (OD 540 s) in order to test whether isotope fractionation was consistent. The resulting TCE degradation was 93, 83.8, and 57.2% (i.e., 7.0, 16.2, and 42.8% TCE remaining) at OD 540 s of 2.0, 1.1, and 0.6, respectively. ODs also correlated linearly with zero-order degradation rates (1.99, 1.11, and 0.64 mol h ؊1 ). While initial nonequilibrium mass losses of TCE produced only minor carbon isotope shifts (expressed in per mille ␦ 13 C VPDB ), they were 57.2, 39.6, and 17.0‰ between the initial and final TCE levels for the three experiments, in decreasing order of their OD 540 s. Despite these strong isotope shifts, we found a largely uniform isotope fractionation. The latter is expressed with a Rayleigh enrichment factor, , and was ؊18.2 when all experiments were grouped to a common point of 42.8% TCE remaining. Although, decreases of to ؊20.7 were observed near complete degradation, our enrichment factors were significantly more negative than those reported for anaerobic dehalogenation of TCE. This indicates typical isotope fractionation for specific enzymatic mechanisms that can help to differentiate between degradation pathways.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon Isotope Fractionation during Aerobic Biodegradation of Trichloroethene by Burkholderia cepacia G4: a Tool To Map Degradation Mechanisms

Barth

Slater

Schüth

et al. 2002

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…In addition, if a compound is degraded by different pathways simultaneously at a site, the observed isotope fractionation reflects the mixed effect of individual isotope fractionations caused by these pathways. Since different reaction mechanisms frequently involve different bonds during the initial step, the measurement of multiple isotopes has been proposed as a method to identify reaction mechanisms of organic contaminants and/or quantify the relative contribution of two pathways (5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11). This approach is well established for evaluating the origin and fate of inorganic compounds (NO 3 -, SO4 2-) and is usually denoted as the dual isotope approach (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon and Chlorine Isotope Fractionation during Aerobic Oxidation and Reductive Dechlorination of Vinyl Chloride and cis-1,2-Dichloroethene

Abe

Aravena

Zopfi

et al. 2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

131

158

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The study investigated carbon and chlorine isotope fractionation during aerobic oxidation and reductive dechlorination of vinyl chloride (VC) and cis-1,2-dichloroethene (cDCE). The experimental data followed a Rayleigh trend. For aerobic oxidation, the average carbon isotope enrichment factors were -7.2‰ and -8.5‰ for VC and cDCE, respectively, while average chlorine isotope enrichment factors were only -0.3‰ for both compounds. These values are consistent with an initial transformation by epoxidation for which a significant primary carbon isotope effect and only a small secondary chlorine isotope effect is expected. For reductive dechlorination, larger carbon isotope enrichment factors of -25.2‰ for VC and -18.5‰ for cDCE were observed consistent with previous studies. Although the average chlorine isotope enrichment factors were larger than those of aerobic oxidation (-1.8‰ for VC, -1.5‰ for cDCE), they were not as large as typically expected for a primary chlorine isotope effect suggesting that no cleavage of C-Cl bonds takes place during the initial ratelimiting step. The ratio of isotope enrichment factors for chlorine and carbon were substantially different for the two reaction mechanisms suggesting that the reaction mechanisms can be differentiated at the field scale using a dual isotope approach.

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“…The experimental methods used in this work have either been published Heraty et al, 1999; or will be published during the next year. Three principal methods were developed.…”

Section: Methods and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable Isotopic Investigations of In-Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Organic Solvents

Sturchio¹

2000

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Isotopic fractionation of carbon and chlorine by microbial degradation of dichloromethane

Cited by 108 publications

References 23 publications

Carbon Isotope Fractionation during Aerobic Biodegradation of Trichloroethene by Burkholderia cepacia G4: a Tool To Map Degradation Mechanisms

Carbon Isotope Fractionation during Aerobic Biodegradation of Trichloroethene by Burkholderia cepacia G4: a Tool To Map Degradation Mechanisms

Carbon and Chlorine Isotope Fractionation during Aerobic Oxidation and Reductive Dechlorination of Vinyl Chloride and cis-1,2-Dichloroethene

Stable Isotopic Investigations of In-Situ Bioremediation of Chlorinated Organic Solvents

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