Isotopic evidence for the source of lead in Greenland snows since the late 1960s

Rosman, K.J.R.; Chisholm, W.; Boutron, Claude F.; Candelone, Jean-Pierre; Görlach, Ursula

doi:10.1038/362333a0

Cited by 214 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Additionally, diffuse pollution by wet and dry deposition has resulted in the long-term 60 accumulation of heavy metals in many parts of the world, for example in Greenland ice 61 (Rosman et al, 1993), peat bogs (Weiss et al, 1999) and remote Alpine and subarctic soils 62 is then defined by (Chadwick et al, 1990): 237 j,w w C j,w p C j, p i,w 1 1 (4) 238 where C j,p (kg/t) is the concentration of element j in protolith (e.g., unweathered parent 239 material, bedrock) and C j,w is the concentration of element j in the weathered product (kg/t). 240…”

Section: Introduction 50mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of weathering and organic matter on heavy metals lability in silicatic, Alpine soils

Egli

Sartori

Mirabella

et al. 2010

Science of The Total Environment

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We investigated the effect of organic matter and weathering on the lability and solid phase speciation of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) in two contrasting subalpine regions in the Italian Alps. Cr, Ni and Cu could be linked to weathering. This was not the case for Pb. Since organic matter (OM) influences the solid phase speciation of heavy metals, the total organic C and N content, the C and N content of different density fractions of OM and also of the labile (oxidised by H2O2) and stable (H2O2-resistant) fractions were determined. Soil OM stocks were high and soils on north-facing slopes had more OM than the south-facing sites to which they were paired. Density measurements and the H2O2 fractionation indicated that the higher OM content on north-facing sites was due to an accumulation of weakly degraded organic material. Due to higher weathering intensity on north-facing sites, the abundance of the EDTA-extractable heavy metals was higher than on south-facing sites. All EDTA-extractable heavy metals showed a good correlation to the water-soluble phenolic concentrations which indicates that the metals were probably translocated as metalorganic complexes. Pb and Cu correlate not only to the light (density b1 g/cm3) and labile, organic fraction but also to the heavy (densityN2g/cm3) and stable fraction. High-mountain ecosystems like the Alps are sensitive to changing environmental conditions such as global warming. A warmer climate and the more favourable conditions it brings for biological activity, especially at cooler sites, will probably lead in the short-to mid-term to an increased loss of accumulated, weakly degraded OM. As the Pb and Cu content is significantly related to the labile organic matter pools, the risk exists that an increase in OM mineralisation could affect the storage capacity and mobility of these metals in soils. Abstract 24We investigated the effect of organic matter and weathering on the lability and solid phase 25 speciation of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn) in two contrasting subalpine regions in 26 the Italian Alps. Cr, Ni and Cu could be linked to weathering. This was not the case for Pb. 27Since organic matter (OM) influences the solid phase speciation of heavy metals, the total 28 organic C and N content, the C and N content of different density fractions of OM and also of 29 the labile (oxidised by H 2 O 2 ) and stable (H 2 O 2 -resistant) fractions were determined. Soil OM 30 stocks were high and soils on north-facing slopes had more OM than the south-facing sites to 31 which they were paired. Density measurements and the H 2 O 2 fractionation indicated that the 32 higher OM content on north-facing sites was due to an accumulation of weakly degraded 33 organic material. Due to higher weathering intensity on north-facing sites, the abundance of 34 the EDTA-extractable heavy metals was higher than on south-facing sites. All EDTA-35 extractable heavy metals showed a good correlation to the water-soluble phenolic 36 concentrations which indicates that the me...

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Section: Introduction 50mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of weathering and organic matter on heavy metals lability in silicatic, Alpine soils

Egli

Sartori

Mirabella

et al. 2010

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Subsequently, Rosman and his colleagues at Curtin University extended these studies by measuring the isotopic composition of Pb in polar ice cores as a function of time, and showed that sources of Pb pollution can be traced to their origin in both modern and ancient environments. 144 A new advanced ultraclean environment (ACE) laboratory has recently been constructed at Curtin University, in which ice cores can be decontaminated and prepared for sensitive mass spectrometric analysis. This will enable higher sensitivities to be attained than in the past.…”

Section: A Renewal Of Geological Mass Spectrometry In Western Australiamentioning

confidence: 99%

A history of mass spectrometry in Australia

Downard

Laeter

2005

J. Mass Spectrom.

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This article traces the history of mass spectrometry in its many guises and applications in the island continent of Australia. An article such as this can never be complete. It instead focuses on contributions of scientists who played a major role in the early establishment of mass spectrometry in Australia. In general, those who are presently active in the field, and whose histories are incomplete, have been mentioned at best only briefly despite their important contributions to the field.

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“…To date studies have focused extensively on the use of Pb isotopes as an environmental tracer in a wide range of media, including air and aerosols [117][118][119][120][121][122], snow and ice [123][124][125][126][127], soils [128][129][130][131][132], lacustrine and reservoir deposits [133][134][135][136], wetlands and peat [137][138][139][140], plants, mosses, and tree rings [141][142][143], human tissues and blood [121,144,145] and other biota [146][147][148][149][150][151][152]. Within riverine environments there is little question that the isotopes of Pb have been most extensively utilized as an isotopic tracer in forensic investigations (see Bird [29] for a detailed review of Pb as a contaminant tracer in rivers).…”

Section: Pb Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Assessment of Metal Contaminated Rivers in the 21st Century Using Geochemical and Isotopic Tracers

Miller

2013

Minerals

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Documentation of contaminant source and dispersal pathways in riverine environments is essential to mitigate the potentially harmful effects of contaminants on human and ecosystem health, and is required from a legal perspective (particularly where the polluter pays principle is in effect) in assessing site liability. Where multiple natural and/or anthropogenic sources exist, identification of contaminant provenance has proven problematic, and estimated contributions from a specific source are often the subject of judicial debate. The past, current, and future use of geochemical and isotopic tracers in environmental forensic investigations of contaminant provenance, transport, and fate are analyzed herein for sediment-associated trace metals in riverine environments, particularly trace metals derived from mining and refining operations. The utilized methods have evolved significantly over the past four decades. Of primary significance has been the growing integration of geomorphic and stratigraphic techniques with the use of an increasing number of geochemical tracers including stable isotopes. The isotopes of Pb have been particularly well studied, and have been applied to a wide range of environmental media. Advances in analytical chemistry since the early 1990s have allowed for the precise characterization of other non-traditional stable isotopic systems within geological materials. The potential for using these non-traditional isotopes as tracers in river systems has yet to be adequately explored, but a number of these isotopes (e.g., Cd, Cu, Cr, Hg, Sb, and Zn) show considerable promise. Moreover, some of these isotopes (e.g., those of Cu, Cr, and Hg) may provide important insights into biogeochemical cycling processes within aquatic environments. This review suggests that future environmental forensic investigations will be characterized by an interdisciplinary approach that combines the use of multiple geochemical tracers with detailed stratigraphic, geomorphic, and hydrologic data, thereby yielding results that are likely to withstand the scrutiny of judicial review.

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Isotopic evidence for the source of lead in Greenland snows since the late 1960s

Cited by 214 publications

References 15 publications

The influence of weathering and organic matter on heavy metals lability in silicatic, Alpine soils

The influence of weathering and organic matter on heavy metals lability in silicatic, Alpine soils

A history of mass spectrometry in Australia

Forensic Assessment of Metal Contaminated Rivers in the 21st Century Using Geochemical and Isotopic Tracers

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