Isotopic characterization of aerosol organic carbon components over the eastern United States

Wozniak, Andrew S.; Bauer, James E.; Dickhut, Rebecca M.; Xu, Li; McNichol, Ann P.

doi:10.1029/2011jd017153

Cited by 36 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 137 publications

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“…WSOC was generally enriched in 14 C by 15-40% relative to WINSOC in all size fractions. Previous studies also found significant fossil contributions for WINSOC compared to WSOC (Weber et al 2007;Kirillova et al 2010;Wozniak et al 2013;Zhang et al 2012); thus, contemporary OC is considerably more water-soluble than fossil-originated OC across all size fractions. No trend was found in summer at Bern for the WSOC fraction, whereas WINSOC was more modern in the coarse particles than in the fine fraction.…”

Section: Ec and Oc Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fossil and Non-Fossil Sources of Different Carbonaceous Fractions in Fine and Coarse Particles by Radiocarbon Measurement

Zhang

2013

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ABSTRACT. Radiocarbon offers a unique possibility for unambiguous source apportionment of carbonaceous particles due to a direct distinction of non-fossil and fossil carbon. In this work, particulate matter of different size fractions was collected at 4 sites in Switzerland to examine whether fine and coarse carbonaceous particles exhibit different fossil and contemporary sources. Elemental carbon (EC) and organic carbon (OC) as well as water-soluble OC (WSOC) and water-insoluble OC (WINSOC) were separated and determined for subsequent 14 C measurement. In general, both fossil and non-fossil fractions in OC and EC were found more abundant in the fine than in the coarse mode. However, a substantial fraction (~20 ± 5%) of fossil EC was found in coarse particles, which could be attributed to traffic-induced non-exhaust emissions. The contribution of biomass burning to coarse-mode EC in winter was relatively high, which is likely associated to the coating of EC with organic and/or inorganic substances emitted from intensive wood burning. Further, fossil OC (i.e. from vehicle emissions) was found to be smaller than non-fossil OC due to the presence of primary biogenic OC and/or growing in size of wood-burning OC particles during aging processes. 14 C content in WSOC indicated that the second organic carbon rather stems from non-fossil precursors for all samples. Interestingly, both fossil and non-fossil WINSOC concentrations were found to be higher in fine particles than in coarse particles in winter, which is likely due to primary wood burning emissions and/or secondary formation of WINSOC.

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Section: Ec and Oc Concentrationsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Fossil and Non-Fossil Sources of Different Carbonaceous Fractions in Fine and Coarse Particles by Radiocarbon Measurement

Zhang

2013

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“…In the eastern North Pacific and in tropical oceans, the δ 13 C of DOC typically ranges from −22 to −20 ‰ in surface seawater (Bauer and Druffel, 1998). In contrast, relatively few studies have measured the δ 13 C signature in aerosol WSOC, which ranges from −25.5 to −23 ‰ at rural and urban sites, and is generally attributable to terrestrial and fossil sources (Kirillova et al, 2010;Wozniak et al, 2012). The δ 13 C WSOC measured in this study indicate an enrichment of sea-surfacederived DOC in submicron WSOC aerosols throughout the study region, and the 13 C-enriched WSOC over TC cannot be explained by influences of land surface.…”

Section: Isotopic Characterization Of Aerosol Wsoc and Tcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of dissolved organic matter to submicron water-soluble organic aerosols in the marine boundary layer over the eastern equatorial Pacific

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Stable carbon isotopic compositions of watersoluble organic carbon (WSOC) and organic molecular markers were measured to investigate the relative contributions of the sea surface sources to the water-soluble fraction of submicron organic aerosols collected over the eastern equatorial Pacific during the Tropical Ocean tRoposphere Exchange of Reactive halogens and Oxygenated VOCs (TORERO)/KA-12-01 cruise. On average, the watersoluble organic fraction of the total carbon (TC) mass in submicron aerosols was ∼ 30-35 % in the oceans with the low chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentrations, whereas it was ∼ 60 % in the high-Chl a regions. The average stable carbon isotope ratio of WSOC (δ 13 C WSOC ) was −19.8 ± 2.0 ‰, which was systematically higher than that of TC (δ 13 C TC ) (−21.8 ± 1.4 ‰). We found that in the oceans with both high and low Chl a concentrations the δ 13 C WSOC was close to the typical values of δ 13 C for dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ranging from −22 to −20 ‰ in surface seawater of the tropical Pacific Ocean. This suggests an enrichment of marine biological products in WSOC aerosols in the study region regardless of the oceanic area. In particular, enhanced levels of WSOC and biogenic organic marker compounds together with high values of WSOC / TC (∼ 60 %) and δ 13 C WSOC were observed over upwelling areas and phytoplankton blooms, which was attributed to planktonic tissues being more enriched in δ 13 C. The δ 13 C analysis estimated that, on average, marine sources contribute ∼ 90 ± 25 % of the aerosol carbon, indicating the predominance of marine-derived carbon in the submicron WSOC. This conclusion is supported by Lagrangian trajectory analysis, which suggests that the majority of the sampling points on the ship had been exposed to marine boundary layer (MBL) air for more than 80 % of the time during the previous 7 days. The combined analysis of the δ 13 C and monosaccharides, such as glucose and fructose, demonstrated that DOC concentration was closely correlated with the concentration levels of submicron WSOC across the study region regardless of the oceanic area. The result implies that DOC may characterize background organic aerosols in the MBL over the study region.

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“…Stable carbon isotopes in these aerosols can be helpful in understanding the sources of aerosol organic carbon (e.g., Turekian et al, 2003;Fu et al, 2012;Wozniak et al, 2012). Nguyen et al (2016) comprehensively investigated the PM 2.5 organic molecular composition and stable carbon isotope ratios of biomass-burning smoke for the first time at SL site, by using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).…”

Section: Atmospheric Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite-Surface Perspectives of Air Quality and Aerosol-Cloud Effects on the Environment: An Overview of 7-SEAS/BASELInE

Tsay

Maring²,

Lin

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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The objectives of 7-SEAS/BASELInE (Seven SouthEast Asian Studies/Biomass-burning Aerosols & Stratocumulus Environment: Lifecycles & Interactions Experiment) campaigns in spring 2013-2015 were to synergize measurements from uniquely distributed ground-based networks (e.g., AERONET, MPLNET) and sophisticated platforms (e.g., SMARTLabs, regional contributing instruments), along with satellite observations/retrievals and regional atmospheric transport/chemical models to establish a critically needed database, and to advance our understanding of biomass-burning aerosols and trace gases in Southeast Asia (SEA). We present a satellite-surface perspective of 7-SEAS/BASELInE and highlight scientific findings concerning: (1) regional meteorology of moisture fields conducive to the production and maintenance of low-level stratiform clouds over land, (2) atmospheric composition in a biomass-burning environment, particularly tracers/markers to serve as important indicators for assessing the state and evolution of atmospheric constituents, (3) applications of remote sensing to air quality and impact on radiative energetics, examining the effect of diurnal variability of boundary-layer height on aerosol loading, (4) aerosol hygroscopicity and ground-based cloud radar measurements in aerosol-cloud processes by advanced cloud ensemble models, and (5) implications of air quality, in terms of toxicity of nanoparticles and trace gases, to human health. This volume is the third 7-SEAS special issue (after Atmospheric Research, vol. 122, 2013; and Atmospheric Environment, vol. 78, 2013) and includes 27 papers published, with emphasis on air quality and aerosol-cloud effects on the environment. BASELInE observations of stratiform clouds over SEA are unique, such clouds are embedded in a heavy aerosol-laden environment and feature characteristically greater stability over land than over ocean, with minimal radar surface clutter at a high vertical spatial resolution. To * Corresponding author.Tel.: +13016146188; Fax: +13016146307 E-mail address: si-chee.tsay@nasa.gov ** Corresponding author.Tel./Fax: +886-3-4254069 E-mail address: nhlin@cc.ncu.edu.tw Tsay et al., Aerosol and Air Quality Research, 16: 2581-2602, 2016 2582 facilitate an improved understanding of regional aerosol-cloud effects, we envision that future BASELInE-like measurement/modeling needs fall into two categories: (1) efficient yet critical in-situ profiling of the boundary layer for validating remote-sensing/retrievals and for initializing regional transport/chemical and cloud ensemble models, and (2) fully utilizing the high observing frequencies of geostationary satellites for resolving the diurnal cycle of the boundarylayer height as it affects the loading of biomass-burning aerosols, air quality and radiative energetics.

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Isotopic characterization of aerosol organic carbon components over the eastern United States

Cited by 36 publications

References 137 publications

Fossil and Non-Fossil Sources of Different Carbonaceous Fractions in Fine and Coarse Particles by Radiocarbon Measurement

Fossil and Non-Fossil Sources of Different Carbonaceous Fractions in Fine and Coarse Particles by Radiocarbon Measurement

Contribution of dissolved organic matter to submicron water-soluble organic aerosols in the marine boundary layer over the eastern equatorial Pacific

Satellite-Surface Perspectives of Air Quality and Aerosol-Cloud Effects on the Environment: An Overview of 7-SEAS/BASELInE

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