Isotopic and textural discrimination between hypogene, ancient supergene, and modern sulfates at the Questa mine, New Mexico

Campbell, Andrew R.; Lueth, Virgil W.

doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2007.10.002

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…1-5), the Tertiary hydrothermal sulfides of the San Juan and Sangre de Cristo Mountains show low δ 34 S of -8.9 to +2.7 ‰ (Tab. 2; Nordstrom et al, 2007;Campbell and Lueth, 2008 Fig. 4A) at the confluence with the Rio Chama (Loc.…”

Section: Water Chemistry and Ion Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Texas. The Rio Grande watershed is an ideal field site to study sulfide-derived SO 4 fluxes because the δ 34 S value in bedrock sulfides (-22.3 to +2.7 ‰) and sulfate minerals (+6.6 to +18.0 ‰) have distinct signatures allowing for better estimates of sulfide-derived SO 4 fluxes in the aquatic system (Kirkland et al, 1995;Nordstrom et al, 2007;Campbell and Lueth, 2008;Szynkiewicz et al, 2011Szynkiewicz et al, , 2014.…”

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…is Precambrian igneous and metamorphic rocks and Tertiary acidic and basaltic volcanic intrusions that are hydrothermally altered and mineralized to varied degrees (e.g., Nordstrom et al 2007;Campbell and Lueth, 2008 Miyamoto, 2005, 2008;Yuan et al, 2007) as well as the accumulation of surficial salts between precipitation events (e.g., Abu-Jaber, 2001;Mees, 2003;Jia et al, 2011;Szynkiewicz et al, 2014). The evaporative increases in ion concentrations are estimated to be as high as 33-35 % in the dry areas of central and southern New Mexico (Phillips et al, 2003;Yuan and Miyamoto, 2008).…”

Section: Water Chemistry and Ion Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotopic studies of the Upper and Middle Rio Grande. Part 1 — Importance of sulfide weathering in the riverine sulfate budget

et al. 2015

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In order to characterize the sulfide-derived SO 4 fluxes in the Rio Grande, we collected seasonally (from 2009 to 2011) riverine, agricultural drain and groundwater samples and analyzed them for their major element chemistries and the δ 34 S and δ 18 O of dissolved SO 4. The observed variation of δ 34 S (-4 to +8 ‰) and δ 18 O (-2 to +7 ‰) in the Rio Grande mainly resulted from mixing between sulfide-and sulfate-derived SO 4 of volcanic and sedimentary origin. Our S isotope mass balance suggests that the average sulfide-derived SO 4 flux usually accounted for 83-94 % (±10-20 %) of the sulfate source in the upstream Rio Grande and decreased downstream to 45-51 % because of increasing contributions of sulfate-derived SO 4. The sulfide-derived SO 4 was related to snow melt in the high elevation watersheds and recycling of surficial sulfate-rich salts by episodic water activity in dry areas at lower elevations. Additionally, elevated bedrock sulfide contents in volcanic and some sedimentary terrains of the studied area have been recognized as important factors contributing to sulfide-derived SO 4 in the Rio Grande. 1. Introduction Sulfide weathering is a biogeochemical process that releases sulfuric acid (H 2 SO 4) into aquatic environments, accelerating the dissolution of rocks (e.g.; Vear and Curtis, 1981; Fennemore et al., 1998; Andersen et al., 2001; Balci et al., 2013). Given that sulfide oxidation is driven by O 2 in surface environments (Eq. 1), this process is believed to be partly important in controlling atmospheric O 2 levels over geological time (e.g., Bottrell and Newton, 2006). Indirectly, sulfide weathering can also affect the atmospheric CO 2 budget (Hercod et al., 1998; Calmels et al. 2007; Li et al., 2008). For example, sulfide oxidation in carbonate-rich catchments (Eq. 2) and the ultimate precipitation of this carbonate in ocean systems (Eq. 3) results in a net gain of CO 2 to the atmosphere (

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Section: Water Chemistry and Ion Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: -mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Water Chemistry and Ion Fluxesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotopic studies of the Upper and Middle Rio Grande. Part 1 — Importance of sulfide weathering in the riverine sulfate budget

et al. 2015

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“…Additionally, some of the Rio Grande tributaries in this area, such as the Red River (Locations 13 through 16), drain bedrock comprised of the Late-Oligocene Latir volcanic field with the adjacent Questa caldera, emplaced between 28 and 25 Ma years ago (Lipman et al, 1986). The major rocks of the Red River valley are hydrothermally altered volcanic and intrusive rocks with variable amounts of pyrite which weathers to produce alteration scars and natural acid rock drainage (Campbell and Lueth, 2008). Further downstream (Locations 19 through 25), the Rio Grande receives additional recharge from the Santa Fe Mountains, which are primarily composed of the Precambrian basement rocks with limited exposures of Paleozoic rocks.…”

Section: Geological and Environmental Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Isotope variations of dissolved Zn in the Rio Grande watershed, USA: The role of adsorption on Zn isotope composition

Szynkiewicz

Borrok

2016

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

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In order to better understand the factors influencing zinc (Zn) isotope composition in hydrological systems, we analyzed the δ 66 Zn of dissolved Zn in the streams and groundwater of the Upper and Middle Rio Grande watershed in Colorado and New Mexico, United States. The stream water samples have a wider variation of δ 66 Zn (-0.57 to +0.41 ‰ relative to the JMC 3-0749-Lyon standard) than groundwater samples (-0.13 to +0.12 ‰) and than samples from streams that are in close proximity to abandoned mining sites (+0.24 to +0.40 ‰). Regional changes of bedrock geology, from primarily igneous rocks to primarily sedimentary rocks, have no resolvable effect on the δ 66 Zn of aqueous samples. Instead, an increase in water pH from 7.5 to 8.5 corresponds to a considerable decrease in the δ 66 Zn of dissolved Zn (R 2 =-0.37, p=0.003, n=22). Consequently, we link the observed Zn isotope variations to the process of adsorption of Zn onto suspended sediment and bedrock minerals (average  66 Zn adsorbed-dissolved = +0.31‰). Our results are in good agreement with previous experimental and empirical studies suggesting that Zn adsorption leads to a residual dissolved pool enriched in light Zn isotopes. Given that anthropogenic Zn sources can also be responsible for lowering of δ 66 Zn, and may overlap with the pH/adsorption effect on δ 66 Zn, the latter needs to be carefully considered in future studies to differentiate between natural and anthropogenic factors influencing Zn isotopes in this and other aquatic systems.

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“…Stable isotope analyses coupled with textural analyses have proven useful in differentiating pre-and post-mining sulfates (Campbell and Lueth 2008). Stable isotope analyses coupled with textural analyses have proven useful in differentiating pre-and post-mining sulfates (Campbell and Lueth 2008).…”

Section: Pre-mining and Post-mining Secondary Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mine Wastes

Lottermoser

2010

346

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Isotopic and textural discrimination between hypogene, ancient supergene, and modern sulfates at the Questa mine, New Mexico

Cited by 13 publications

References 26 publications

Isotopic studies of the Upper and Middle Rio Grande. Part 1 — Importance of sulfide weathering in the riverine sulfate budget

Isotopic studies of the Upper and Middle Rio Grande. Part 1 — Importance of sulfide weathering in the riverine sulfate budget

Isotope variations of dissolved Zn in the Rio Grande watershed, USA: The role of adsorption on Zn isotope composition

Mine Wastes

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