Isotopes in Cloud Physics: Multiphase and Multistage Condensation Processes

Jouzel, Jean

doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-42225-5.50007-3

Cited by 97 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 99 publications

(65 reference statements)

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“…The final isotopic composition of the vapor and precipitation can then be obtained by integrating Eqn. (12) of [Jouzel, 1986] subject to initial condition δ = δ1, using fractionation coefficients from [Jouzel, 1986]. Because the coefficients are only weakly dependent on temperature, our results are not very sensitive to the temperature at which the prefractionation occurs.…”

Section: Holocenementioning

confidence: 82%

“…Evaporative enrichment of the firn could be canceling some of the pre-fractionation. The kinetic corrections to the Rayleigh model, discussed in [Jouzel and Merlivat, 1984], are only crucial at polar temperatures, and falling or retained ice crystals do not re-equilibrate with ambient vapor [Jouzel, 1986]. However, the tropical regime permits mixed phase water/ice clouds, in which both kinetic effects and re-equilibration effects due to retained water could be important.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Huascaran δ¹⁸O as an indicator of tropical climate during the Last Glacial Maximum

Pierrehumbert¹

1999

Geophysical Research Letters

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Abstract. The interpretation of the isotopic composition of Andes tropical mountain glaciers is reconsidered using a simple Rayleigh distillation model. It is shown that Andes snowline depression and Huascaran ice core δ 18 O are consistent with a 3 • C drop in sea surface temperature during the Last Glacial Maximum, accompanied by an increase from 40% at present to 60% during the LGM in the annual mean proportion of atmospheric water lost to continental runoff. Broecker's interpretation of Huascaran δ 18 O as a paleo-hygrometer is discussed.

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Section: Holocenementioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Huascaran δ¹⁸O as an indicator of tropical climate during the Last Glacial Maximum

Pierrehumbert¹

1999

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…Because fog is a first-stage condensate controlled by equilibrium fractionation processes, it should plot on a meteoric water line reflecting its origins (Gonfiantini and Longinelli, 1962;Majoube, 1971;Stewart, 1975;Jouzel, 1986). We thus assumed fog formed from oceanic vapour would plot on the global meteoric water line (GMWL), fog formed from local meteoric waters on the local meteoric water line (LMWL) and fog formed from a mixture of the two air masses would plot between the two meteoric water lines .…”

Section: Differentiation Of Fog Sources Based On Isotopesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fog Spatial Distributions over the Central Namib Desert - An Isotope Approach

Kaseke

Tian

Wang

et al. 2018

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Fog is a characteristic feature of the Namib Desert and is essential to life in this fog dependent system. It is often acknowledged that advective fog from the ocean is the dominant fog type over the Namib Desert fog-zone but recent evidence suggests that other fog types occur in this area. Knowledge of the existence and spatial distribution of different fog types will enhance the mechanistic understanding of fog formation and potential changes in this region, but such knowledge is limited in literature. In this study, we investigated fog spatial variations within the Namib Desert fog-zone by applying stable isotope (δ 18 O and δ 2 H) techniques to differentiate various fog types and identify their source waters. Isotope based results showed that at least three types of fog (advective, radiation and mixed) occurred in this region and what appears as a single fog event may include all three types. Results suggest that radiation fog was the dominant fog type during our study period. The results also suggest that advective fog (with Atlantic Ocean origins) either dissipated 30-50 km inland and the residual humidity combined with locally derived moisture to form mixed fog or advective fog incorporated local moisture along its trajectory inland resulting in mixed fog. Fog in the Namib Desert was consistently depleted in 18 O and 2 H compared to rainfall and this was attributed to sub-cloud evaporation of the rainfall as well as different sources of fog and rainfall. Sub-cloud evaporation led to enrichment of 18 O and 2 H in rainfall beyond that of the first stage condensate, fog. Advective fog is often considered the architect of the fog-zone in the Namib Desert, but our results demonstrated multiple dominant fog types during the study period, suggesting knowledge of both fog frequency and fog type is needed to better predict climate change impacts on the fog-zone.

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“…They have been used extensively in studies of environmental hydrology [Friedman et al, 1964;Clark and Fritz, 1997], paleoclimatology [Johnsen et al, 1972;Merlivat and Jouzel, 1979;Jouzel et al, 1982Jouzel et al, , 1987, and cloud physics [Jouzel, 1986] Since the stable isotope composition of atmospheric moisture is intimately related to its origin, cloud fractionation, and subsequent removal from the atmosphere [•at and Matsui, 1991], the isotope ratios of atmospheric water vapor provide critical information about the mechanisms of evaporation at the surface of the Earth and of subsequent transport and phase changes in the atmosphere. Profiles of deuterium isotope ratio in atmospheric water vapor in the troposphere were measured by Ehhalt [1974], Taylor [1972Taylor [ , 1984.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stable isotope composition of water vapor in the atmospheric boundary layer above the forests of New England

He¹,

Smith²

1999

J. Geophys. Res.

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paleoclimatology studies. This quantity, however, cannot be measured directly at the surface due to the instantaneous turbulent mixing of the evaporating water vapor with the overlying ABL. Using a 5 -1/Q mixing line method, we are able to determine such isotope flux ratios characterizing the two-way exchange between the Earth's surface and the free atmosphere. The varying isotope flux ratios are lighter than expected, but fall into the ranges of the isotope ratios of the winter precipitation in the area. Based on the hypothesis of no fractionation between the soil water and the water vapor transpired by plants, our measurements suggest that late summer transpiration releases soil water which comes from the precipitation that fell during the previous winter. Other explanations are also discussed.

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Isotopes in Cloud Physics: Multiphase and Multistage Condensation Processes

Cited by 97 publications

References 99 publications

Huascaran δ¹⁸O as an indicator of tropical climate during the Last Glacial Maximum

Huascaran δ¹⁸O as an indicator of tropical climate during the Last Glacial Maximum

Fog Spatial Distributions over the Central Namib Desert - An Isotope Approach

Stable isotope composition of water vapor in the atmospheric boundary layer above the forests of New England

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Isotopes in Cloud Physics: Multiphase and Multistage Condensation Processes

Cited by 97 publications

References 99 publications

Huascaran δ18O as an indicator of tropical climate during the Last Glacial Maximum

Huascaran δ18O as an indicator of tropical climate during the Last Glacial Maximum

Fog Spatial Distributions over the Central Namib Desert - An Isotope Approach

Stable isotope composition of water vapor in the atmospheric boundary layer above the forests of New England

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Huascaran δ¹⁸O as an indicator of tropical climate during the Last Glacial Maximum

Huascaran δ¹⁸O as an indicator of tropical climate during the Last Glacial Maximum