Isothiocyanate from Moringa oleifera seeds mitigates hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity and preserved morphological features of human neuronal cells

Abstract

Reactive oxygen species are well known for induction of oxidative stress conditions through oxidation of vital biomarkers leading to cellular death via apoptosis and other process, thereby causing devastative effects on the host organs. This effect is believed to be linked with pathological alterations seen in several neurodegenerative disease conditions. Many phytochemical compounds proved to have robust antioxidant activities that deterred cells against cytotoxic stress environment, thus protect apoptotic cell death. In view of that we studied the potential of glucomoringin-isothiocyanate (GMG-ITC) or moringin to mitigate the process that lead to neurodegeneration in various ways. Neuroprotective effect of GMG-ITC was performed on retinoic acid (RA) induced differentiated neuroblastoma cells (SHSY5Y) via cell viability assay, flow cytometry analysis and fluorescence microscopy by means of acridine orange and propidium iodide double staining, to evaluate the anti-apoptotic activity and morphology conservation ability of the compound. Additionally, neurite surface integrity and ultrastructural analysis were carried out by means of scanning and transmission electron microscopy to assess the orientation of surface and internal features of the treated neuronal cells. GMG-ITC pre-treated neuron cells showed significant resistance to H2O2-induced apoptotic cell death, revealing high level of protection by the compound. Increase of intracellular oxidative stress induced by H2O2 was mitigated by GMG-ITC. Thus, pre-treatment with the compound conferred significant protection to cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic inclusion coupled with conservation of surface morphological features and general integrity of neuronal cells. Therefore, the collective findings in the presence study indicated the potentials of GMG-ITC to protect the integrity of neuron cells against induced oxidative-stress related cytotoxic processes, the hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases.

Moringin, A Stable Isothiocyanate from Moringa oleifera, Activates the Somatosensory and Pain Receptor TRPA1 Channel In Vitro

“…The biological activity of moringin extracts and moringin itself attracted the attention of a number of researchers in different areas. This phyto-compound possesses in fact a wide range of biological activities, including antioxidant [8], antimicrobial [9], antibacterial [6], antifungal and antiviral [10][11][12], and deterrent effects towards some insects. [13].…”

Nontoxic Glucomoringin-Isothiocyanate (GMG-ITC) Rich Soluble Extract Induces Apoptosis and Inhibits Proliferation of Human Prostate Adenocarcinoma Cells (PC-3)

“…Generally, crucifier vegetables are rich in glucosinolates, which are sulfur containing glycosylated compounds [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. They are hydrolyzed by enzymes called β-thioglucoside-glucohydrolase (myrosinase) in an aqueous environment, to yield biologically more active compounds known as isothiocyanates [ 22 , 25 ].…”

<em>MORINGA OLEIFERA</em>: A NEW PERSPECTIVE FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF NATURAL PRODUCTS

“…The seeds of M. oleifera present a source as therapeutic potential. Cells of neurons pretreated with the compound glucomoringin-isothiocyanate (GMG-ITC), showed resistance to apoptotic cell death induced by H2O2, the GMG-ITC confers protection to the cytoskeleton and cytoplasmic inclusion, as well as preservation of the morphological characteristics and general integrity of the neural cells [9]. The same compound GMG-ITC, It was administered to mice with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and showed interference in the pathophysiological mechanisms of the development of ALS, acting in the deceleration or prevention of the disease [10].…”