Isothiazolinones are still widely used in paints purchased in five European countries: a follow‐up study

Thomsen, A.; Schwensen, Jakob F.; Bossi, Rossana; Banerjee, P.; Giménez‐Arnau, Elena; Lepoittevin, Jean‐Pierre; Lidén, Carola; Uter, Wolfgang; White, Ian R.; Johansen, Jeanne Duus

doi:10.1111/cod.12937

Cited by 41 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the present study, painters had the highest prevalence of contact allergy to MCI/MI and MI, and also to octylisothiazolinone and benzisothiazolinone. These preservatives are commonly found in water‐based paints and varnishes, explaining the high frequency of contact allergy to isothiazolinones in painters, as already reported by others . In particular, MI has become a major problem in painters.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Tertiary prevention of occupational skin diseases: Prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis and pattern of patch test results

et al. 2018

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Background Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) is one of the most common occupational skin diseases (OSDs). Its prevalence and the causative allergens differ between occupations. Objectives To evaluate the prevalence of ACD and the pattern of patch test results of patients taking part in a tertiary individual prevention programme (TIP) for OSD in Germany. Patients and Methods In a retrospective cohort study, the data of 3411 TIP patients patch tested between 2007 and 2016 were analysed. Results In 2687 (78.8%) patients, work‐related skin disease was diagnosed, mostly hand dermatitis. The highest proportion of face dermatitis was seen in painters (8.1%). ACD was most common in painters (56.8%), hairdressers (45.8%), construction workers (31.5%), gardeners/florists (26.7%), and metalworkers (26.5%). On average, hairdressers had the youngest age (31.4 ± 12.6 years, P < 0.0001) and the shortest time in the profession prior to the TIP (mean 13.7 years). The pattern of patch test reactivity showed occupation‐specific differences related to work exposures. Conclusions Identification of occupational groups at risk for ACD and relevant allergens may help in the development and implementation of targeted prevention strategies. Our data suggest that there should be a particular focus on hairdressers and painters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Tertiary prevention of occupational skin diseases: Prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis and pattern of patch test results

et al. 2018

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“…In total, 18 (24%) patients had experienced airborne symptoms, mainly dermatitis ( n = 15), but also rhinitis, asthma‐like symptoms, and/or conjunctivitis. Isothiazolinones are used in many water‐based paints . MI was found in 55 of 60 (91.7%) paints bought in 5 different European countries in concentrations up to 142 ppm .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isothiazolinones are used in many water‐based paints . MI was found in 55 of 60 (91.7%) paints bought in 5 different European countries in concentrations up to 142 ppm . MI is volatile and can be found for weeks in indoor air after indoor walls have been freshly painted .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylisothiazolinone contact allergy in Croatia: Epidemiology and course of disease following patch testing

et al. 2018

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“…6. However, the role of paints, which, in some cases, were shown to contain MI in very high concnetrations (>300 ppm) [32][33][34][35] is seen in all three periods, with even a further increase in the last period 2017/18 (Figure 4). Painters were the occupation with the highest sensitization rate (14.5% in men) (Table 1) and the contactant "paints" was identified as significant risk factor in all three periods (Table 3).…”

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confidence: 99%

The methylisothiazolinone epidemic goes along with changing patients' characteristics – After cosmetics, industrial applications are the focus

et al. 2019

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Background Sensitization to methylisothiazolinone (MI) has seen an exceptional epidemic, mainly attributed to its use in cosmetics. Objectives To trace the epidemic of MI allergy (2009–2018), and to analyze a possible change of patients' characteristics. Methods Informationsverbund Dermatologischer Kliniken‐data of patients patch tested between 2009 and 2018 with MI (0.05% aq.) were analyzed concerning anamnestic items and sensitization frequencies. Results Overall, 4.9% reacted positive to MI. Comparing sensitization to MI in three periods (2009, 2013/14, and 2017/18), there was an increase to 7% in 2013 and a decrease to 3.4% in 2018. The MOAHLFA Index (M=Men, O=Occupational Dermatitis, A=Atopic Dermatitis, L=Leg Dermatitis, F=Face Dermatitis, A= Age > 40) for the period 2013/14 is characterized by a lower proportion of occupational dermatitis and a higher proportion of face dermatitis. The period 2017/18 is characterized by increases of occupational dermatitis and hand dermatitis, and a decrease of face dermatitis. Painters, personal care workers, and hairdressers were particularly affected. Sensitization in hairdressers and personal care workers (mostly cosmeticians) decreased after the peak in 2013/14, whereas sensitization to MI in painters continued to increase. Conclusions After an unprecedented epidemic of MI allergy, mainly caused by its use in cosmetics, the continuous use of MI in industrial applications, for example, paints, and subsequent sensitization remain a matter of concern.

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Isothiazolinones are still widely used in paints purchased in five European countries: a follow‐up study

Abstract: MI and other isothiazolinones are widely used in paints available in Europe. Their use does not seem to be decreasing.

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Tertiary prevention of occupational skin diseases: Prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis and pattern of patch test results

Tertiary prevention of occupational skin diseases: Prevalence of allergic contact dermatitis and pattern of patch test results

Methylisothiazolinone contact allergy in Croatia: Epidemiology and course of disease following patch testing

The methylisothiazolinone epidemic goes along with changing patients' characteristics – After cosmetics, industrial applications are the focus

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