Isothermal reduction kinetics and microstructure evolution of various vanadium titanomagnetite pellets in direct reduction

Shi, Yue; Guo, Zhengqi; Zhu, Deqing; Pan, Jian; Lu, Shenghu

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2023.170126

Cited by 26 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In China, the sintering blast furnace process, as a mainstream method, has been used to treat limonite nickel laterite to prepare ferronickel. However, there are many problems with the sintering process due to the intrinsic characteristics of limonite nickel laterite, such as very high solid fuel consumption (over 140 kg/t), low sintering productivity (about 1.0 t/(m 2 •h), and poor tumble strength (less than 54%) [17][18][19][20]. Meanwhile, the subsequent blast furnace smelting process also has many problems, including high coke rate and large amounts of energy consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Utilization of Limonite Nickel Laterite to Prepare Ferronickel by the Selective Reduction Smelting Process

et al. 2023

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Ferronickel products obtained from the traditional process used to treat limonite nickel laterite usually assay very low-grade Ni, only 3–5% Ni due to the high Fe/Ni ratio of limonite nickel laterite. This paper describes an investigation conducted to upgrade limonite nickel laterites for the preparation of ferronickel by using selective reduction smelting technology. By means of thermodynamic calculations and smelting experiments, the smelting separation mechanism and the behavior of P and S removal in the smelting process, as well as the influence of smelting factors, have been systematically identified. The best production index of ferronickel is obtained under optimized conditions as follows: smelting the pre-reduced lumps at 1525 °C for 45 min with a basicity of 0.60, MgO/SiO2 ratio of 0.30, and nickel and iron metallization rate of 94.30% and 10.93%, respectively. The resulting ferronickel features a nickel and iron grade of 12.55% and 84.61% and a nickel and iron recovery of 85.65% and 10.87%, respectively. In addition, the content of S and P contained in ferronickel is only 0.11% and 0.0035%, respectively. The ferronickel obtained from the selective reduction smelting process is a fine material for the subsequent stainless steel smelting due to its high Ni grade and low content of impurities.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient Utilization of Limonite Nickel Laterite to Prepare Ferronickel by the Selective Reduction Smelting Process

et al. 2023

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“…Due to the various excellent properties such as high specific strength, good corrosion resistance, superior stability in broad temperature range, and good weldability, titanium and titanium alloys have been widely used as important structural materials in aerospace, marine, biomedical engineering, and other high-tech fields. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Two-phase titanium alloys, such as Ti-6Al-4 V, Ti-6.5Al-2Zr-1Mo-1 V, and Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr, are mainly composed of low-temperature stable α phase and hightemperature stable β phase. [7] Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo (Ti6246) is also a typical α þ β two-phase titanium alloy, which was developed in the United States in the 20th century by modifying the Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-2Mo alloy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure Evolution and Recrystallization of Ti6246 Alloy in Hot‐Rolling and Annealing Processes

Lu,

Xue,

Fan

et al. 2023

Adv Eng Mater

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In this study, the Ti‐6Al‐2Sn‐4Zr‐6Mo (Ti6246) casted alloy was treated with two different hot rolling processes (3‐pass and 5‐pass), and the as‐rolled alloy was subsequently annealed at different temperatures (780 and 850 °C). During hot rolling, obvious changes in the morphology and microstructure of the Ti6246 alloy occurred. A large number of dislocations were generated in the rolling process, and their movement plays an important role in the microstructure evolution of the alloy. The 3‐pass hot rolling resulted in smaller grain size (0.43 μm) than that of the 5‐pass rolled sample (0.68 μm), which could be attributed to the larger deformation degree of the single pass in the 3‐pass rolling process. However, the larger deformation of the 3‐pass rolling led to higher dislocation density (34.29% of LM above 1) and more microstructure defects in the Ti6246 alloy, which further resulted in easier initiation of the prismatic and pyramidal slips of the alloy. The 5‐pass procedure can provide more deformation passes to promote the DRX of the Ti6246 alloy and the fraction of DRX can reach 33.27%. On the other hand, with the increase in the annealing temperature, the degree of recrystallization increased and the number of microstructure defects decreased.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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“…When three different types of shot Vanadium titanomagnetite (VTM) pellets were discharged, Shi et al [10] examined reduction behaviors and mechanisms. Because of their reduction property, vanadium titanomagnetite (VTM) pellets are a crucial for the rotary kiln-electric furnace method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Thermoelectric Responses of a Conductive Semi-Solid Surface to Variable Thermal Shock in the Context of the Moore–Gibson–Thompson Thermoelasticity

Megahid

Abouelregal

Askar

et al. 2023

Axioms

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In this study, the Moore–Gibson–Thompson (MGT) concept of thermal conductivity is applied to a two-dimensional elastic solid in the form of a half-space. This model was constructed using Green and Naghdi’s thermoelastic model to address the infinite velocity problem of heat waves. It has been taken into account that the free surface of the medium is immersed in an electromagnetic field of constant intensity, undergoes thermal shock, and rotates with a uniform angular velocity. The governing equations of a modified version of Ohm’s law account for the impact of temperature gradients and charge densities. By using the method of normal mode analysis, an analytical representation of the studied physical fields was obtained. The effect of rotation and the modulus of modified Ohm’s law on the responses of the field distributions examined is discussed, along with accompanying graphical representations. Other thermoelastic models have been compared with the results of the proposed system when the relaxation time is ignored.

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Isothermal reduction kinetics and microstructure evolution of various vanadium titanomagnetite pellets in direct reduction

Cited by 26 publications

References 60 publications

Efficient Utilization of Limonite Nickel Laterite to Prepare Ferronickel by the Selective Reduction Smelting Process

Efficient Utilization of Limonite Nickel Laterite to Prepare Ferronickel by the Selective Reduction Smelting Process

Microstructure Evolution and Recrystallization of Ti6246 Alloy in Hot‐Rolling and Annealing Processes

Study of Thermoelectric Responses of a Conductive Semi-Solid Surface to Variable Thermal Shock in the Context of the Moore–Gibson–Thompson Thermoelasticity

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