Isotherm and Kinetic Study of Metal Ions Sorption on Mustard Waste Biomass Functionalized with Polymeric Thiocarbamate

Abstract

The presence of high concentrations of metal ions in effluents resulting from industrial metal coatings is a well-known fact. Most of the time, such metal ions, once they reach the environment, significantly contribute to its degradation. Therefore, it is essential that the concentration of metal ions is reduced (as much as possible) before such effluents are discharged into the environment to minimize the negative impact on the quality of the ecosystems. Among all methods that can be used to reduce the concentration of metal ions, sorption is one of the most viable options due to its high efficiency and low cost. Moreover, due to the fact that many industrial wastes have sorbent properties, this method is in accordance with the principles of circular economy. Based on these considerations, in this study, mustard waste biomass (resulting from oil extraction) was functionalized with an industrial polymeric thiocarbamate (METALSORB) and used as a sorbent to remove Cu(II), Zn(II) and Co(II) ions from aqueous media. The best conditions for the functionalization of mustard waste biomass were found to be: mixing ratio biomass: METASORB = 1 g: 1.0 mL and a temperature of 30 °C. The experimental sorption capacities of functionalized sorbent (MET-MWB) were 0.42 mmol/g for Cu(II), 0.29 mmol/g for Zn(II) and 0.47 mmol/g for Co(II), which were obtained under the following conditions: pH of 5.0, 5.0 g sorbent/L and a temperature of 21 °C. The modeling of isotherms and kinetic curves as well as the analysis of the results obtained from desorption processes demonstrate the usefulness of this sorbent in the treatment of effluents contaminated with metal ions. In addition, tests on real wastewater samples highlight the potential of MET-MWB for large-scale applications.

Phenol-Formaldehyde/Pyrazole Composite: Synthesis, Characterization, and Evaluation of its Chromate Removal Efficiency

“…These include a fast adsorption rate, 20 ease of handling operation, 21 and high adsorption capacity with higher metal selectivity. 22,23 This article is licensed under CC-BY-NC-ND 4 Pyrazole compounds are preferred as mono-or bidentate ligands because they can align with heavy metals through two centers and two adjacent N atoms. 24−26 It was found that this type of molecule can form powerful adsorbents with intriguing qualities, including high selectivity absorption, stability, chemical derivatization, eco-friendliness, biodegradability, and harmlessness to living beings.…”

“…In contrast, polymer adsorbent structure-design ability with highly rich functional group content of −OH, −NH 2 , and −COOH makes for many desirable characteristics when treating wastewater. These include a fast adsorption rate, ease of handling operation, and high adsorption capacity with higher metal selectivity. , …”

“…These include a fast adsorption rate, 20 ease of handling operation, 21 and high adsorption capacity with higher metal selectivity. 22 , 23 …”

Polypyrrole-Modified Nanocellulose Exhibits Superior Performance for Hg(II) Adsorption

“…Thus, the adsorbents play a significant role during the adsorption process. In recent years, in order to improve the adsorption properties of un-artificial cellulose for heavy metal ions removal, vast research efforts have been made to introduce adsorption groups with high selectivity to functionalize the original cellulose through a series modification methods such as acidification, etherification, grafting polymerization, cross-linking, and esterification [ 2 , 16 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Among these reported functionalization strategies, PPy has been widely investigated for enhancing its adsorption capacity towards heavy metal ions owing to its merits of inexpensiveness, ease of polymerization, and environment durability [ 24 ].…”

“…Du and co-workers prepared PPy/MLS nano composites with a maximum adsorption capacity of 343.64 mg g –1 at 25 °C for removing Cr(VI) [ 27 ]. Chen prepared the PPy modified corn using the FeCl 3 oxidation approach, and the obtained adsorbent of PPy/corn exhibited a saturated adsorption capacity of 84.7 mg g –1 for Cr(VI) [ 21 ]. Maity et al reported a PPy composite containing a thiol-functionalized chelating group for the removal of Hg(II), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 1736.8 mg g –1 at 25 °C [ 28 ].…”