Isoprostane as a Marker of Oxidative Stress in Chronic Heroin Users: Correlation with Duration of Heroin Use or Concomitant Hepatitis C Infection

Abstract

The elevated plasma 15-F(2t)-IsoP values in heroin dependent subjects, compared to healthy individuals, indicate a shift of the balance between oxidants and antioxidants towards the former and suggest that heroin dependent subjects could benefit from an antioxidant therapy.

Evaluation of Prooxidant–Antioxidant Balance in Chronic Heroin Users in a Single Assay: An Identification Criterion For Antioxidant Supplementation

“…Other studies linking opiates to oxidative stress focus on the determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in white blood cells (1), superoxide (17)(18)(19) or markers of oxidative damage such as malondialdehyde (MDA) (13,20,21), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), tissue carbonyl content (1,13) and isoprostane (3). Nevertheless, there is, to our knowledge, limited work on the evaluation of oxidative balance, as a whole, in heroin addicted individuals.…”

“…The available literature on heroin addicted individuals is limited and focuses on the determination of individual oxidants, various members of the antioxidant defense system, or markers of oxidative damage (3)(4)(5)(6). Therefore, determination of the oxidative balance in heroin addicted individuals has been indirect, and has involved the separate evaluation of the oxidant burden and the capacity of the antioxidant defense system.…”

Supraphysiologic-dose anabolic–androgenic steroid use: A risk factor for dementia?

“…Accordingly, reports from several groups that levels of AT8 antibody, a biomarker of tau-P, are elevated in postmortem brain in illicit opioid users, even in users under age 30 (Ramage et al, 2005;Anthony et al, 2010;Kovacs et al, 2015;Flanagan et al, 2018), as are levels of APP (Ramage et al, 2005), suggest that individuals with opioid use disorder are at increased risk for developing AD/ADRD. Opioids increase oxidative stress in brain, blood, and body (Zhou et al, 2000;Qiusheng et al, 2005;Arana et al, 2006;Xu et al, 2006;Pereska et al, 2007;Pérez-Casanova et al, 2008;Doyle et al, 2009;Ndengele et al, 2009;Abdel-Zahar et al, 2010;Kovatsi et al, 2010aKovatsi et al, , 2010bCemek et al, 2011;Gutowicz et al, 2011;Sumathi et al, 2011;Deng et al, 2012;Ghazavi et al, 2013;Soykut et al, 2013;Fan et al, 2015;Motaghinejad et al, 2015;Samarghandian et al, 2015;Yun et al, 2015Yun et al, , 2017Lauro et al, 2016;Najafi et al, 2017;Mansouri et al, 2018) and thus could increase Aβ and tau-P syntheses and accumulations via multiple mechanisms described above. In neuronal culture, morphine upregulates GSK3β activity (Masvekar et al, 2015), which could contribute to increased tau-P levels in opioid users.…”

Targeting redox regulation to treat substance use disorder using N‐acetylcysteine

“…As both the auto-oxidation and enzymatic degradation of dopamine generate ROS, the supraphysiologic levels of dopamine released due to drugs of abuse may generate oxidative stress (Moszczynska et al, 1998;Smythies & Galzigna, 1998;Rabinovic et al, 2000;Kovacic, 2005). Indeed, numerous basic and clinical studies report elevated oxidative stress following exposure to multiple and structurally unrelated drugs of abuse including alcohol (Thome et al, 1997;Ikegami et al, 2003;Elibol-Can et al, 2011), cocaine (Dietrich et al, 2005;Alvaro-Bartolome et al, 2011;Sordi et al, 2014;Walker et al, 2014), methamphetamine (Walker et al, 2014;Ramkissoon & Wells, 2015;Huang et al, 2017;Jang et al, 2017), and heroin (Gutowicz et al, 2006;Xu et al, 2006;Pereska et al, 2007;Kovatsi et al, 2010). Thus, evidence suggests that redox-sensitive regulation of biological processes is likely to play a key role in the response to drugs of abuse.…”