Isoprene emission from tropical tree species

Padhy, Pratap Kumar; Varshney, C. K.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2004.10.003

Cited by 47 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Within our investigation, the most substantial isoprene emissions of Amazonian plants were found for Vatairea guianensis from várzea and igapó, reaching values similar to those measured for several Mediterranean Quercus species (Kesselmeier and Staudt, 1999). Other isopreneemitting species emissions were found to be consistent with emission rates reported for tropical tree species (Harley et al, 2004;Padhy and Varshney, 2005). Monoterpene emission was found to dominate in the group of Hevea species.…”

Section: Tropical Plantssupporting

confidence: 71%

Leaf level emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from some Amazonian and Mediterranean plants

Bracho-Nuñez

Knothe²,

Welter³

et al. 2013

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Emission inventories defining regional and global biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOC) emission strengths are needed to determine the impact of VOC on atmospheric chemistry (oxidative capacity) and physics (secondary organic aerosol formation and effects). The aim of this work was to contribute with measurements of tree species from the poorly described tropical vegetation in direct comparison with the quite well-investigated, highly heterogeneous emissions from Mediterranean vegetation. VOC emission from sixteen plant species from the Mediterranean area were compared with twelve plant species from different environments of the Amazon basin by an emission screening at leaf level using branch enclosures. Analysis of the volatile organics was performed online by a proton-transfer-reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) and offline by collection on adsorbent tubes and subsequent gas chromatographic analysis. Isoprene was the most dominant compound emitted followed by monoterpenes, methanol and acetone. The average loss rates of VOC carbon in relation to the net CO2 assimilation were found below 4% and indicating normal unstressed plant behavior. Most of the Mediterranean species emitted a large variety of monoterpenes, whereas only five tropical species were identified as monoterpene emitters exhibiting a quite conservative emission pattern (α-pinene < limonene < sabinene < ß-pinene). Mediterranean plants showed additional emissions of sesquiterpenes. In the case of Amazonian plants no sesquiterpenes were detected. However, missing of sesquiterpenes may also be due to a lack of sensitivity of the measuring systems. Furthermore, our screening activities cover only 1% of tree species of such tropical areas as estimated based on recent biodiversity reports. Methanol emissions, an indicator of growth, were found to be common in most of the tropical and Mediterranean species. A few species from both ecosystems showed acetone emissions. The observed heterogeneous emissions, including reactive VOC species which are not easily detected by flux measurements, give reason to perform more screening at leaf level and, whenever possible, within the forests under ambient conditions.

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Section: Tropical Plantssupporting

confidence: 71%

Leaf level emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from some Amazonian and Mediterranean plants

Bracho-Nuñez

Knothe²,

Welter³

et al. 2013

Biogeosciences

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“…Isoprene is ubiquitous in the troposphere at a mixing ratio of about 0.1-7.0 ppb depending on season and location (von Kuhlmann et al, 2004). Measurements conducted by Padhy and Varshney (2005) over New Delhi and surrounding areas revealed significant annual average isoprene emission of 6.2 ± 3.2 µg g −1 leaf dry weight h −1 (average of six commonly grown tree species) with higher isoprene emission during September and October. Thus, formation of oxalic acid from isoprene may be enhanced during winter months in the Himalayan region.…”

Section: Concentrations Of Total Diacids Overmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variations of water-soluble organic carbon, dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, and α-dicarbonyls in Central Himalayan aerosols

Hegde

Kawamura

2012

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Aerosol samples were collected from a high elevation mountain site (Nainital, India; 1958 m a.s.l.) in the central Himalayas, a location that provides an isolated platform above the planetary boundary layer to better understand the composition of the remote continental troposphere. The samples were analyzed for water-soluble dicarboxylic acids (C 2 -C 12 ) and related compounds (ketocarboxylic acids and α-dicarbonyls), as well as organic carbon, elemental carbon and water soluble organic carbon. The contributions of total dicarboxylic acids to total aerosol carbon during wintertime were 1.7 % and 1.8 %, for day and night, respectively whereas they were significantly smaller during summer. Molecular distributions of diacids revealed that oxalic (C 2 ) acid was the most abundant species followed by succinic (C 4 ) and malonic (C 3 ) acids. The average concentrations of total diacids (433±108 ng m −3 ), ketoacids (48±23 ng m −3 ), and α-dicarbonyls (9±4 ng m −3 ) were similar to those from large Asian cities such as Tokyo, Beijing and Hong Kong. During summer most of the organic species were several times more abundant than in winter. Phthalic acid, which originates from oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as naphthalene, was found to be 7 times higher in summer than winter. This feature has not been reported before in atmospheric aerosols. Based on molecular distributions and air mass backward trajectories, we conclude that dicarboxylic acids and related compounds in Himalayan aerosols are derived from anthropogenic activities in the highly populated Indo-Gangetic plain areas.

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“…Some of the effects of tropical land-use change are becoming apparent, but there is a steep west-east 'knowledge gradient' in our understanding, particularly of the effects of land-system change on biogenic emissions and atmospheric photochemistry. We know much more about Amazonia [13][14][15][16][17][18], and references therein, 19,20] than we do about the African wet tropics [21][22][23][24], and we know more about tropical Africa than we do about South [25,26] and South East Asia [27,28]. The paucity of direct measurements of atmospheric composition in South East Asia was a primary driver for the measurements reported below.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The atmospheric chemistry of trace gases and particulate matter emitted by different land uses in Borneo

MacKenzie

Langford

Pugh

et al. 2011

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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We report measurements of atmospheric composition over a tropical rainforest and over a nearby oil palm plantation in Sabah, Borneo. The primary vegetation in each of the two landscapes emits very different amounts and kinds of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), resulting in distinctive VOC fingerprints in the atmospheric boundary layer for both landscapes. VOCs over the Borneo rainforest are dominated by isoprene and its oxidation products, with a significant additional contribution from monoterpenes. Rather than consuming the main atmospheric oxidant, OH, these high concentrations of VOCs appear to maintain OH, as has been observed previously over Amazonia. The boundary-layer characteristics and mixing ratios of VOCs observed over the Borneo rainforest are different to those measured previously over Amazonia. Compared with the Bornean rainforest, air over the oil palm plantation contains much more isoprene, monoterpenes are relatively less important, and the flower scent, estragole, is prominent. Concentrations of nitrogen oxides are greater above the agroindustrial oil palm landscape than over the rainforest, and this leads to changes in some secondary pollutant mixing ratios (but not, currently, differences in ozone). Secondary organic aerosol over both landscapes shows a significant contribution from isoprene. Primary biological aerosol dominates the super-micrometre aerosol over the rainforest and is likely to be sensitive to land-use change, since the fungal source of the bioaerosol is closely linked to above-ground biodiversity.

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Isoprene emission from tropical tree species

Cited by 47 publications

References 44 publications

Leaf level emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from some Amazonian and Mediterranean plants

Leaf level emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOC) from some Amazonian and Mediterranean plants

Seasonal variations of water-soluble organic carbon, dicarboxylic acids, ketocarboxylic acids, and α-dicarbonyls in Central Himalayan aerosols

The atmospheric chemistry of trace gases and particulate matter emitted by different land uses in Borneo

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