Isomorph theory of physical aging

Dyre, Jeppe C.

doi:10.1063/1.5022999

Cited by 21 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(181 reference statements)

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“…It should be mentioned parenthetically that the meaning of the term aging in biology is not the same as in physics, e.g. (Dyre 2018 ), as well as in the common sense.…”

Section: Physics As a Paragonmentioning

confidence: 99%

An essay on the nominal vs. real definitions of aging

Golubev

2021

Biogerontology

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In the current literature, the definitions of aging range from relying on certain sets of distinctive features at the molecular, organismal, populational and/or even evolutional levels/scales to declaring it a treatable disease and, moreover, to treating aging as a mental construct rather than a natural phenomenon. One reason of such a mess may be that it is common in the natural sciences to disregard philosophy of science where several categories of definitions are recognized, among which the nominal are less, and the so-called real ones are more appropriate in scientific contexts. E.g., water is, by its nominal definition, a liquid having certain observable features and, by its real definition, a specific combination (or a product of interaction) of hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Noteworthy, the real definition is senseless for people ignorant of atoms. Likewise, the nominal definition of aging as a set of observable features should be supplemented, if not replaced, with its real definition. The latter is suggested here to imply that aging is the product of chemical interactions between the rapidly turning-over free metabolites and the slowly turning-over metabolites incorporated in macromolecules involved in metabolic control. The phenomenon defined in this way emerged concomitantly with metabolic pathways controlled by enzymes coded for by information-storing macromolecules and is inevitable wherever such conditions coincide. Aging research, thus, is concerned with the elucidation of the pathways and mechanisms that link aging defined as above to its hallmarks and manifestations, including those comprised by its nominal definitions. Esoteric as it may seem, defining aging is important for deciding whether aging is what should be declared as the target of interventions aimed at increasing human life and health spans.

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“…It should be mentioned parenthetically that the meaning of the term aging in biology is not the same as in physics, e.g. (Dyre 2018 ), as well as in the common sense.…”

Section: Physics As a Paragonmentioning

confidence: 99%

An essay on the nominal vs. real definitions of aging

Golubev

2021

Biogerontology

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“…In thermal equilibrium this derivative is T , but in a more general context it needs a separate name. For any configuration R the systemic temperature T s (R) is defined [38] by…”

Section: A the Systemic Temperature Tsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consider first Brownian dynamics, which was dealt with in detail in Ref. 38 that introduced the concept of a systemic temperature. The Langevin equation of motion is [40,41]…”

Section: Ts/t Controls the Reduced Dynamics Along A Systemic Isomorphmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isomorph theory beyond thermal equilibrium

Dyre

2020

Preprint

Self Cite

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This paper generalizes isomorph theory to systems that are not in thermal equilibrium. The systems are assumed to be R-simple, i.e., have a potential energy that as a function of all particle coordinates R obeys the hidden-scale-invariance condition U (Ra) < U (R b ) ⇒ U (λRa) < U (λR b ). Generalized "systemic" isomorphs are lines of constant excess entropy in the phase diagram defined by density and systemic temperature, which is the temperature of the equilibrium state point with average potential energy equal to U (R). In thermal equilibrium, the systemic temperature is the bath temperature and the equilibrium isomorph formalism is recovered. The new approach rationalizes within a consistent framework previously published observations of isomorph invariance in simulations involving steady-state shear flow, zero-temperature plastic flows, and glass-state isomorphs. The paper relates also briefly the non-equilibrium isomorph formalism to physical aging, active matter, and granular media. It is proposed that for any steady-state R-simple system the effective temperature characterizing fluctuation-dissipation-theorem violations is identical to the systemic temperature. Finally, we discuss the possibility that the energy unit defining reduced quantities should be based on the systemic temperature instead of the bath temperature, as is currently the case.

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“…Binding relationships were also proposed for the transport properties of substances [ 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ], but they are not rigorous and are based on various models and assumptions. The idea of the global isomorphism of properties was widely developed [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. The idea of isomorphism is based on the proposition that in dimensionless variables, the properties of different substances have the same, or similar, behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between the Transport Coefficients of Polar Substances and Entropy

Анашкин

D’yakonov

Dyakonov

2019

Entropy

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An expression is proposed that relates the transport properties of polar substances (diffusion coefficient, viscosity coefficient, and thermal conductivity coefficient) with entropy. To calculate the entropy, an equation of state with a good description of the properties in a wide region of the state is used. Comparison of calculations based on the proposed expressions with experimental data showed good agreement. A deviation exceeding 20% is observed only in the region near the critical point as well as at high pressures.

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Isomorph theory of physical aging

Cited by 21 publications

References 108 publications

An essay on the nominal vs. real definitions of aging

An essay on the nominal vs. real definitions of aging

Isomorph theory beyond thermal equilibrium

Relationship between the Transport Coefficients of Polar Substances and Entropy

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