Isolation Valve Impact on Failure Severity and Risk Analysis

Hwang, Hwee; Lansey, Kevin

doi:10.1061/(asce)wr.1943-5452.0001320

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Water distribution isolation valves are typically the most suitable for preventing or reducing the impact of contamination‐related emergencies such as chemical spills. The more valves present in a distribution system, the more likely contamination impact can be restricted to a smaller portion of the system with adequate detection lead time (Hwang & Lansey, 2021; Sukru & Mays, 2004). The contaminant needs to be promptly flushed out of the system to minimize absorption into the pipe wall and other appurtenances.…”

Section: Selected Countermeasures and Their Contribution To Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Building resilience for an uncertain drinking water future

Huang,

Bixler,

2023

AWWA Water Science

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Enhancing drinking water resilience has become increasingly important. However, a comprehensive analysis of drinking water emergency countermeasures is lacking. This study evaluated eight countermeasures including monitoring, local alternatives, reclaimed water, interconnection, bulk water, pre‐packaged water, emergency treatment, and isolation valves from resilience and sustainability (i.e., life cycle cost) perspectives. While countermeasures such as interconnections perform relatively well from both perspectives, there is a clear trade‐off between resilience and cost. Local alternatives and emergency treatment respond quickly and provide sustained supply during emergencies but may incur higher costs. Bulk water and pre‐packaged water are typically inexpensive but have limited supply capacity and take time to distribute. As future threats are likely to become more frequent and prolonged, it is prudent for service providers to invest in countermeasures that perform well in both resilience and cost and use an integrated approach that combines high capital projects with bulk/pre‐packaged water contracts.

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Section: Selected Countermeasures and Their Contribution To Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Building resilience for an uncertain drinking water future

Huang,

Bixler,

2023

AWWA Water Science

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“…The number of valves for 'N Valves' and 'N À 1 Valves' principles is relatively high compared with the actual situation, which is not universal. Hwang & Lansey (2021) put forward the concept of valve density as follows:…”

Section: Impact Of Valve Density On Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…v is the number of valves, and m is the number of pipes. Hwang & Lansey (2021) analyzed the impact of valve density ranging from 0.5 to 2 on the network performance. The results show that when the valve density exceeds 0.8, it may not be necessary to optimize the valve position.…”

Section: Impact Of Valve Density On Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Now that the layout of valves is important, the impact of valve quantity and location on the hydraulic performance of WDS needs to be investigated. Hwang & Lansey (2021) investigated the impact of valve density on a realistic network's service metrics, they found that the number of valves can be reduced to more than 50% of N À 1 rule without significant negative impacts, and when the number of valves is similar to the pipes, good engineering judgment is sufficient for valve placement without using optimization. Some researchers also analyzed the impact of valve failure on system performance ( Jun et al 2007;Liu et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Segment-based resilience response and intervention evaluation of water distribution systems

Liu

Kang

2021

Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua

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The consideration of isolation valves and segments is essential for evaluating the water service and resilience of water distribution systems when shutdowns are required under pipe failure. However, little work has been done on assessing the resilience response and intervention based on segments. This study investigates the impact of intervention (valve density and protection of critical segment) and response (recovery time and recovery sequence) on system resilience taking valve layout into consideration. An algorithm to identify segments based on the graph theory is proposed. Resilience is quantified using the satisfactory rate of the water supply demand. Critical segments are ranked based on resilience analysis. The resilience evaluation method is applied to a case study network. It is found that valve optimization can significantly reduce the number of valves without considerably decreasing the resilience performance. Valve density and the protection of critical segment can reduce the severity of pipe failure, while efficient recovery response can reduce the severity and shorten the duration of pipe failure simultaneously. The criticality of segments depends on the segment location and hydraulic interdependency among segments.

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