Isolation, Serotyping, and Antibiogram of Salmonella Isolates from Raw Milk Sold at Retail Vending in Erbil City, Iraq

Almashhadany, Dhary Alewy; Osman, Ardalan Abdulhamed

doi:10.15835/buasvmcn-asb:0020.19

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Toxoplasmosis infection is commonly mild or asymptomatic in healthy persons, certain risk factors (7-1 to 7-7) can increase the probability of complications, so individuals with these risk factors should take additional precautions to avoid infection [60][61][62].…”

Section: Risk Factors Of Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Significance of Human Toxoplasmosis

Alewy Almashhadany,

Aziz Jamil Alani,

Ahmed Dhiab

et al. 2024

Infectious Diseases

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Toxoplasmosis is a significant food-borne zoonotic disease that causes a wide range of clinical syndromes in humans, including pregnant women, immunosuppressed individuals, land and sea mammals, and various bird species. Felidae is the only definitive host that excretes a million oocysts of T. gondii in their feces, polluting the environment. T. gondii has a complex life cycle, with sexual reproduction occurring in cats, where oocysts are formed and excreted with feces. The meiosis of oocysts in the environment leads to the formation of sporozoites that are infectious to intermediate hosts, such as rodents and livestock animals. In these intermediate hosts, rapidly replicating tachyzoites are disseminated throughout the body, forming tissue cysts containing bradyzoites. Infected individuals become infected by ingesting oocysts from contaminated soil, water, or food. The transmission of toxoplasmosis is recognized as zoonotic transmission, with the primary route being through the ingestion of contaminated food or water, particularly undercooked or raw meat, and unwashed fruits and vegetables that have come into contact with the parasite’s oocysts. The signs and symptoms of toxoplasmosis can vary widely, with most healthy individuals having a normal immune system and mild symptoms resolving on their own.

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Section: Risk Factors Of Toxoplasmosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Significance of Human Toxoplasmosis

Alewy Almashhadany,

Aziz Jamil Alani,

Ahmed Dhiab

et al. 2024

Infectious Diseases

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“…Some of the important salmonella species involved in food poisoning include; S. typhimurium, S. infantis, S. dublin, S. enteritidis, S. softenburg, S. montevideo, S. virchow, and S. Newport [41]. Factors associated with Salmonella meat poisoning outbreaks include; consumption of inadequately cooked or thawed meat or poultry, cross-contamination of meat and meat products from infected food handlers besides the possible presence of rats, cockroaches, flies, in the food environment that acts as vectors of the disease [42,43].…”

Section: Salmonella Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meat Borne Diseases

Almashhadany¹

2021

Meat and Nutrition

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Red and white meat is a perfect, high-quality protein that comprises all of the nine essential amino acids (EAAs) that cannot be synthesized endogenously. Meat is the normal source of this vitamin, as well as other types of vitamins. Meat affords a range of significant vitamins and minerals that the human body needs, many of which are more bioavailable and easily absorbed than the nutrients found in plant sources. The nutrients in meat support the immune system, participate in the formation of muscle tissue, red blood cells (RBCs), and hormones, and warranty accurate functioning of the nervous system. These nutrients also affect the human senses of smell and taste, benefit our thyroids, and support antioxidant production. The main sources of pathogens in meat and meat products are; the animal itself; human handlers; equipment’s in contact, environmental sources, and water used in the preparation. Meat Borne Diseases, since ancient times, played a central role in public health. This chapter is divided into nine parts, part one to part eight deals with the most important pathogens that have been associated with meat borne diseases (MBDs), these include, Meat Borne Prionic Diseases; Viral Diseases; Bacterial Diseases; Protozoal Diseases; Parasitic Diseases; Fungal Diseases; Mycotoxins; Rickettsial Diseases; while the nine-part deal with the methods of meat preservation and storage.

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“…Under cool conditions, samples were transported directly to the Department of Medical Lab Science (DMLS) at Knowledge University (KNU). The samples were stored in deep freezer at -18°C and were evaluated within 48 -72 hours of the collection (11).…”

Section: Samples Collection and Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of brucellosis in sheep and goats raw milk by fast and reliable techniques

Almashhadany¹

2021

IJVS

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This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of brucellosis in sheep and goats' raw milk samples by detecting anti-Brucella antibodies and Brucella species at Erbil governorate. A total of 320 raw milk samples (150 sheep milk and 170 goats milk) were irregularly collected from dairy females. The overall occurrence of Brucella antibodies in samples of sheep and goats raw milk was 11.6% and 9.7% according to MRT and indirect ELISA, respectively. Isolation of Brucella (B.) species from samples of raw milk was 7.8%. The isolated species of Brucella were B. melitensis and B. abortus. A noticeable increase in frequency during September to November was observed. In conclusion, brucellosis is still a considerable public health threat in the Erbil. Based on the tests performance, the study recommends MRT in standard observing of brucellosis in milk aggregate farms, centers, and dairy manufactories. Customers are also recommended to adequately pasteurize the milk in order to damage this milk-borne pathogen before ingestion or saleable handling.

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Isolation, Serotyping, and Antibiogram of Salmonella Isolates from Raw Milk Sold at Retail Vending in Erbil City, Iraq

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Public Health Significance of Human Toxoplasmosis

Public Health Significance of Human Toxoplasmosis

Meat Borne Diseases

Diagnosis of brucellosis in sheep and goats raw milk by fast and reliable techniques

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