Isolation, partial characterisation and immunomodulating activities of polysaccharides from Vernonia kotschyana Sch. Bip. ex Walp

Nergård, Cecilie Sogn; Diallo, Drissa; Michaelsen, Terje E.; Malterud, Karl Egil; Kiyohara, Hiroaki; Matsumoto, Tsukasa; Yamada, Hideaki; Paulsen, Berit Smestad

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2003.12.007

Cited by 83 publications

(77 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Type II arabinogalactans have a β-(1,3)-linked galactan backbone with side chains containing arabinose and galactose residues and have been reported to possess a variety of biological activities. Indeed, Nergard et al [27] proposed that the composition of arabinogalactan side chains is related to the biological activity of plant polysaccharides, and we recently found that biologically-active polysaccharides isolated from Juniperus scopolorum contained type II arabinogalactan [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…However, excessive or uncontrolled complement activation can also contribute to host tissue damage, and therapeutic strategies have been developed to inhibit this process [31]. Likewise, the removal of complement by polysaccharide fixation has also been proposed to be a potential therapeutic strategy for treating inflammatory diseases [27]. A number of reports have shown polysaccharides from different plants can enhance wound healing, and some of these polysaccharides also have anti-complement activity (reviewed in [4]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immunomodulatory activity of acidic polysaccharides isolated from Tanacetum vulgare L.

Xie

Schepetkin

Quinn

2007

International Immunopharmacology

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Tanacetum vulgare L. (Tansy) has been extensively used in folk medicine for treatment of a variety of medical disorders. In the present study, we isolated and purified four acidic polysaccharide fractions (designated T-I to T-IV) from Tansy florets by the sequential use of hot-water extraction, ethanol precipitation, ultra-filtration, anion-exchange, and size-exclusion chromatography. The average M r of fractions T-I through T-IV was estimated to be 326, 151, 64 and 9 kDa, respectively, as determined by high performance size-exclusion chromatography analysis. Sugar composition analysis revealed that Tansy polysaccharides consisted primarily of galacturonic acid, galactose, arabinose, and rhamnose. Fractions T-II through T-IV contained an arabinogalactan type II structure, as determined by reaction with Yariv reagent. High M r fractions T-I and T-II exhibited potent macrophage/monocyte-activating activity, enhancing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) by J774.A1 murine macrophages, and activating nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) in THP-1 human monocytes. In addition, Tansy polysaccharides stimulated human neutrophil function by greatly enhancing neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) release. Furthermore, the low M r fraction T-IV had potent complementfixing activity, which may also contribute to the anti-inflammatory and would-healing properties of Tansy extracts. Taken together, our results provide a molecular basis to explain at least part of the beneficial therapeutic effects of Tansy extracts, and support the concept of using Tansy polysaccharides as an immunotherapeutic adjuvant.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunomodulatory activity of acidic polysaccharides isolated from Tanacetum vulgare L.

Xie

Schepetkin

Quinn

2007

International Immunopharmacology

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“…Among the Vernonia species, some cytotoxicity has been described for isolated sesquiterpene lactones from V. cinerea (15), V. lasiopus (16) and V. amygdalina (27). Some active Vernonia extracts have also been found, such as the water-soluble extract of edible V. amygdalina leaves (9), and the water extract from the roots of V. kotschyana (20) and V. anthelmintica (10).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some other compounds have been isolated from Vernonia, such as flavonoids (18), steroids (19) and polysaccharides (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytotoxic activity of the dichloromethane fraction from Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers. (Asteraceae) against Ehrlich's tumor cells in mice

Pagno

Blind

Biavatti

et al. 2006

Braz J Med Biol Res

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Vernonia scorpioides has been widely used in Brazil to treat skin problems and chronic wounds, such as ulcers of the lower limbs and diabetic lesions. In the present study, we investigated the effect of a dichloromethane (DCM) fraction of V. scorpioides leaf extract on Ehrlich ascitic and solid tumor-bearing mice. The animals were treated once a day with the DCM fraction at a concentration of 5 mg/kg, administered ip during and after the development of the tumor. The lifespan, weight, number and type of leukocytes, number of tumor cells, volume of solid and ascitic tumors were measured. The development of the tumor with pre-treated tumor cells in vitro with the DCM fraction (5 mg/kg) was analyzed and the animals were sacrificed after 7 days. The DCM fraction (5 mg/kg) totally inhibited tumor development when in direct contact with tumor cells, and also ascitic tumor development with in vitro treatment or when administered ip, in loco (after 7 days). Animals treated with the DCM fraction increased their lifespan ca. 2 weeks and maintained their body weight for 30 days. When applied immediately after the inoculation of the tumor cells in vivo, it totally abolished tumor development, with tumor development only decreasing when treatment was started 3 days after the tumor challenge. These data suggest an antineoplastic activity of the fraction. Oral or ip administration of DCM fraction (5 mg/kg) for 7 days did not reduce the solid tumor volume. The cytotoxic activity described here differs from the conventional immune suppressing profile of standard chemotherapy because it increases neutrophil influx to the peritoneal cavity. These results show that, besides exhibiting a tumoricidal activity, the DCM fraction also exhibits inflammatory activity.

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“…roots were reported to have ethno-medicinal uses in variety of ailment including gastrointestinal disorders and wound healing effects. The active principles were found as acidic polysaccharide fractions, having pectic arabinogalactan type II structures (Nergard et al, 2004). Another species Baccharoides lilacina have been reported to have essential oils and the main constituents were identified as β-caryophyllene (27.7%), epi-α-cadinol (25.1%), caryophyllene oxide (9.9%), α-muurolol (7.6%), α-cadinene (6.1%), and α-cadinol (4.5%).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of Baccharoides schimperi (DC.) in experimental animals

Ahmed¹,

Ahmad²,

Yousaf³

et al. 2015

Afr. J. Trad. Compl. Alt. Med.

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Background: Steroidal and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are most commonly used to treat inflammation, and shown to have severe side effects. In this study, we aimed at evaluating the anti-inflammatory and acute toxicity effects of Baccharoides schimperi (DC.) in order to get new anti-inflammatory agents of natural origin. Materials and methods: The aerial part of the plant was dried under shade, ground and extracted with 96% alcohol (BSE). It was further fractionated in sequence to n-hexane (BSH), chloroform (BSC) and methanol (BSM) soluble fractions. Acute toxicity was evaluated by oral administration of plant and hind paw induced-edema method in rats was used for the anti-inflammatory evaluation. Results: The BSE was found safe up to the dose level of 3 g/kg b.w. and showed LD 50 value 7.250 g/kg body weight (b.w.) in mice. BSE showed significant anti-inflammatory effect (62.91%) at 500 mg/kg b.w. Further the n-hexane, chloroform and methanol fractions of BSE were tested for antiinflammatory activity. The n-hexane fraction (BSH) exhibits significant activity (64.87%) at 400 mg/kg b.w. The methanol fraction (BSM) showed dose dependent activity, highest activity (60.42%) was observed at higher dose 400 of mg/kg b.w. In chloroform fraction (BSC) no significant activity was observed. Conclusion:The results of the study revealed that the plant is safe to the experimental model and recommended as a potential source of antiinflammatory agent.

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Isolation, partial characterisation and immunomodulating activities of polysaccharides from Vernonia kotschyana Sch. Bip. ex Walp

Cited by 83 publications

References 40 publications

Immunomodulatory activity of acidic polysaccharides isolated from Tanacetum vulgare L.

Immunomodulatory activity of acidic polysaccharides isolated from Tanacetum vulgare L.

Cytotoxic activity of the dichloromethane fraction from Vernonia scorpioides (Lam.) Pers. (Asteraceae) against Ehrlich's tumor cells in mice

Evaluation of acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory effects of Baccharoides schimperi (DC.) in experimental animals

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