Isolation of Salmonella spp. from the Housefly, Musca domestica L., and the Dump Fly, Hydrotaea aenescens (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Muscidae), at Caged-Layer Houses

Olsen, Alan R.; Hammack, Thomas S.

doi:10.4315/0362-028x-63.7.958

Cited by 128 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Insects like flies, beetles, and larvae are some of the potential sources, as these animals are reported to be frequent carriers of pathogens such as Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella, and Campylobacter around the world, especially near animal-rearing facilities (3,13,14,25,26,27,29,36,42). The insects that frequently occur in poultry houses include Alphitobius diaperinus, the darkling beetle, and its larvae, the lesser mealworm (19,30,34).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Darkling Beetles ( Alphitobius diaperinus ) and Their Larvae as Potential Vectors for the Transfer of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi B Variant Java between Successive Broiler Flocks

Hazeleger

Bolder

Beumer

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Broiler flocks often become infected with Campylobacter and Salmonella, and the exact contamination routes are still not fully understood. Insects like darkling beetles and their larvae may play a role in transfer of the pathogens between consecutive cycles. In this study, several groups of beetles and their larvae were artificially contaminated with a mixture of Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi B Variant Java and three C. jejuni strains and kept for different time intervals before they were fed to individually housed chicks. Most inoculated insects were positive for Salmonella and Campylobacter just before they were fed to the chicks. However, Campylobacter could not be isolated from insects that were kept for 1 week before they were used to mimic an empty week between rearing cycles. All broilers fed insects that were inoculated with pathogens on the day of feeding showed colonization with Campylobacter and Salmonella at levels of 50 to 100%. Transfer of both pathogens by groups of insects that were kept for 1 week before feeding to the chicks was also observed, but at lower levels. Naturally contaminated insects that were collected at a commercial broiler farm colonized broilers at low levels as well. In conclusion, the fact that Salmonella and Campylobacter can be transmitted via beetles and their larvae to flocks in successive rearing cycles indicates that there should be intensive control programs for exclusion of these insects from broiler houses.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Darkling Beetles ( Alphitobius diaperinus ) and Their Larvae as Potential Vectors for the Transfer of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi B Variant Java between Successive Broiler Flocks

Hazeleger

Bolder

Beumer

et al. 2008

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…This mechanical vector can be a serious problem for poultry producers because it feeds on dying birds, carcasses, faeces and feed, and may remain weeks in the poultry facilities, thus contaminating successive groups (Hazeleger et al 2008, Leffer et al 2010. Olsen & Hammack (2000) found 22% positive samples for Salmonella sp. of flies collected in commercial poultry environment, a much higher level of contamination than that described in this study: M. domestica were 3.7% positive for Salmonella by CB and 10.0% by qPCR.. Like this study, were A. diaperinus only showed detection by qPCR (25%), Chernaki- Leffer et al (2002) failed to isolate Salmonella sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic and molecular detection of Salmonella sp. on growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens

et al. 2016

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This present study was developed with the objective of detect Salmonella sp. by conventional bacteriology and qPCR techniques in samples of flooring material from transport crates (meconium); raising environment (swab of cages and drinking fountains); cloacal swab; food and insects from growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens. A total of 864 samples were collected, among whom 248 originated from growing, 392 from rearing and 224 from production phase. Among the 864 samples, 2,8% where positives in bacteriologic technique and 15.3% in qPCR. Contamination was higher in growing and rearing phases and declined in production phase. Twenty four isolations of Salmonella where typified as Salmonella Agona (41.7%), Salmonella Livingstone (33.3%), Salmonella Cerro (16.7%), Salmonella Senftenberg (4.2%) and Salmonella Schwarzengrund (4.2%). During growing phase Salmonella Livingstone was identified. These findings suggest vertical contamination in the group. During rearing and production phases, isolated materials belong to serovars Agona, Cerro, Senftenberg and Schwarzengrund, pointing to horizontal contamination. It is possible to conclude that both vertical and horizontal contaminations are important during the cycle of commercial egg production and contamination in rearing phase is higher than in growing and production phases.

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“…A legyek, különösen a házilegyek, az enteralis kóroko-zók fontos rezervoárjai, és vektoraiként [38][39][40][41] szezonalitásuk hosszával és fenológiájának jellegzetességével befolyásolhatják az enteralis fertőzések szezonalitását. A teljes nyári időszak, de különösen július második fele és augusztus első fele tekinthető kockázatos periódusnak a légy vektorok szempontjából.…”

Section: áBraunclassified

A campylobacteriosis és a salmonellosis heti átlaghőmérséklet által meghatározott szezonalitásának és az Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae) éves fenológiájának összehasonlítása

Tràjer

Schoffhauzer²

2016

Orvosi Hetilap

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Magyar Tudományos Akadémia-Pannon Egyetem, Limnoökológiai Kutatócsoport, Veszprém 3 független szerzőBevezetés: A környezeti hőmérséklet és a Diptera fajok aktivitása a bakteriális bélfertőzések szezonalitásának legfontosabb faktorai. Célkitűzés: A szerzők tanulmányukban a campylobacteriosis és a salmonellosis incidenciaértékeinek alakulását elemezték a heti átlaghőmérséklet függvényében, összevetve a potenciális vektor Eristalis tenax éves fenológiájával. Módszer: A megbetegedési adatokat az Országos Epidemiológiai Központ epidemiológiai információs hetilapjában közölt adattáblákból nyerték. A Magyarországot lefedő rácsra átlagolt heti átlaghőmérsékleti adatok a "European Climate Assessment Dataset" adatbázisból származtak. Eredmények: A campylobacteriosis-incidencia gyenge (r 2 = 0,39), a salmonellosi-sincidencia erős (r 2 = 0,71) összefüggést mutatott a nyolc héttel korábbi heti átlag-hőmérséklet-értékekkel. Következtetések: Az Eristalis tenax fenológiájának és a tanulmányozott bakteriális bélfertőzé-sek incidenciájának összevetése arra az eredményre vezetett, hogy a Salmonella és Campylobacter fajok átvitele szempontjából elsősorban a késő tavaszi és nyári hónapokban juthat jelentősebb szerep a Diptera fajoknak, különös tekintettel a július és augusztus hónapokra. Orv. Hetil., 2016, 157(14), 529-538. Kulcsszavak: Salmonella-fertőzések, Campylobacter-fertőzések, DipteraComparison of the temperature-driven seasonality of campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis and the annual phenology of Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae)Introduction: Ambient temperature and the activity of Diptera species are the primary factors of the seasonality of bacterial enteral diseases. Aim: The authors analyzed the effect of the weekly mean ambient temperature on salmonellosis and campylobacteriosis incidence and the annual phenology of the potential vector Eristalis tenax. Method: Weekly case number data of the period between 2004 and 2014 were derived from the Hungarian National Center for Epidemiology. European Climate Assessment Dataset was the source of the weekly mean temperature data for the grid overlapping Hungary. Results: While in the case of campylobacteriosis weak correlation was found (r 2 = 0.39), salmonellosis showed strong correlation with mean temperature (r 2 = 0.71) using 8-weeks lag before the outbreak of the cases. Conclusions: Comparing the mean weekly incidence of campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis with the modeled weekly activity of Eristalis tenax it was found that vector Diptera species may influence the incidence of enteric diseases in late spring and summer, in July and August particularly.

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Isolation of Salmonella spp. from the Housefly, Musca domestica L., and the Dump Fly, Hydrotaea aenescens (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Muscidae), at Caged-Layer Houses

Cited by 128 publications

References 8 publications

Darkling Beetles ( Alphitobius diaperinus ) and Their Larvae as Potential Vectors for the Transfer of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi B Variant Java between Successive Broiler Flocks

Darkling Beetles ( Alphitobius diaperinus ) and Their Larvae as Potential Vectors for the Transfer of Campylobacter jejuni and Salmonella enterica Serovar Paratyphi B Variant Java between Successive Broiler Flocks

Phenotypic and molecular detection of Salmonella sp. on growing, rearing and production phases in a commercial group of laying hens

A campylobacteriosis és a salmonellosis heti átlaghőmérséklet által meghatározott szezonalitásának és az Eristalis tenax (Diptera: Syrphidae) éves fenológiájának összehasonlítása

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