Isolation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato strains causing bacterial speck disease of tomato and marker-based monitoring for their virulence

El-Fatah, Bahaa E. S. Abd; Imran, Muhammad; Abo-Elyousr, Kamal A. M.; Mahmoud, Amer F.

doi:10.1007/s11033-023-08302-x

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…The previously mentioned bacterial isolates ( Xcv1 , Xe2 , Pst1 , and Pst2 ) were cultured in a nutrient broth medium (beef extract, yeast extract, peptone, and dextrose) on a rotary shaker for two days at 28 ± 2 °C [ 33 ]. The resulting bacterial suspension was adjusted to be 1 × 10 8 CFU/mL using spectrophotometer OD 600 (Spectroquant, Darmstadt, Germany) [ 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting bacterial suspension was adjusted to be 1 × 10 8 CFU/mL using spectrophotometer OD 600 (Spectroquant, Darmstadt, Germany) [ 34 ]. The bacterial culture filtrates were applied at a dosage of 10 mL per plant during the experiments, ensuring consistent application across all samples [ 33 , 35 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effective doses used in the experiments for the fungal bioagents ( Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum , and T. album ) were 5 mL of spore suspension per plant at a concentration of 2.5 × 10 7 spores/mL [ 40 ]. For the bacterial bioagents ( Bacillus subtilis , Pseudomonas fluorescens , and Serratia marcescens ), the effective dose was 10 mL of bacterial suspension per plant at a concentration of 1 × 10 8 CFU/mL [ 33 , 35 ]. These doses were determined based on their efficacy in controlling tomato leaf-spot diseases and were applied consistently throughout the study to ensure reliable results.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Control of Tomato Bacterial Leaf Spots and Its Impact on Some Antioxidant Enzymes, Phenolic Compounds, and Pigment Content

Akila,

Ali,

Khairy

et al. 2024

Biology

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Tomato bacterial spots, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (Xcv1) and X. euvesicatoria (Xe2), as well as bacterial specks, caused by two strains of Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst1 and Pst2), represent significant threats to tomato production in the El-Sharkia governorate, often resulting in substantial yield losses. The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of various biocontrol culture filtrates, including bacteria and fungi agents, in managing the occurrence and severity of these diseases, while also monitoring physiological changes in tomato leaves, including antioxidant enzymes, phenolics, and pigment content. The culture filtrates from examined Trichoderma species (T. viride, T. harzianum, and T. album), as well as the tested bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens, and Serratia marcescens) at concentrations of 25%, 50%, and 100%, significantly inhibited the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria In vitro. For the In vivo experiments, we used specific doses of 5 mL of spore suspension per plant for the fungal bioagents at a concentration of 2.5 × 107 spores/mL. The bacterial bioagents were applied as a 10 mL suspension per plant at a concentration of 1 × 108 CFU/mL. Spraying the culture filtrates of the tested bioagents two days before infection In vivo significantly reduced disease incidence and severity. Trichoderma viride exhibited the highest efficacy among the fungal bioagents, followed by T. harzianum and T. album. Meanwhile, the culture filtrate of B. subtilis emerged as the most potent among the bacterial bioagents, followed by P. fluorescens. Furthermore, applying these culture filtrates resulted in elevated levels of chitinase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activity. This effect extended to increased phenol contents, as well as chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and carotenoids in sprayed tomato plants compared to the control treatment. Overall, these findings underscore the potential of these biocontrol strategies to effectively mitigate disease incidence and severity while enhancing plant defense mechanisms and physiological parameters, thus offering promising avenues for sustainable disease management in tomato production.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biological Control of Tomato Bacterial Leaf Spots and Its Impact on Some Antioxidant Enzymes, Phenolic Compounds, and Pigment Content

Akila,

Ali,

Khairy

et al. 2024

Biology

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“…tomato (Pst) is a Gram-negative bacterium and the causal agent of the bacterial speck of tomato. Pst is considered one of the most significant and widespread pathogens affecting tomato plants [38]. Bacterial speck is a parenchymatic disease and causes significant economic losses for tomato growers worldwide, as it can reduce fruit yield and quality [39].…”

Section: Phytopathogenic Bacteria In Tomato and Pepper Seedsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tomato and Pepper Seeds as Pathways for the Dissemination of Phytopathogenic Bacteria: A Constant Challenge for the Seed Industry and the Sustainability of Crop Production

Xhemali,

Giovanardi,

Biondi

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The seed industry plays a crucial role in global food production but it faces a persistent challenge in ensuring the health and quality of seeds, particularly those of tomato and pepper seeds, which represent key seed commodities on the global market. Seeds can serve as potential pathways for the introduction and dissemination of seed-borne bacteria, which may have devastating effects on crop yield, farmers’ remunerability, and food security. Therefore, fungicides and other antimicrobial compounds are extensively used to disinfect the seeds, thus increasing the input of chemicals in the agri-environment. In this review, we address aspects that connect disease epidemiology with seed infection and health, including seed contamination, endophytic colonization, and seed-borne infections. We focused on the main bacterial diseases affecting tomato and pepper seeds by discussing their official seed testing methods as requirements supporting a smooth seed trade. Moreover, we present a survey on the past and recent innovations for seed treatments, focusing on sustainable disinfection methods. Therefore, this review will be a short but indispensable guide for seed technologists and pathologists involved in the production of high-quality seeds, providing indications and suggestions to contrast seed-borne pathogen dissemination and avoid international controversies and complaints by phytosanitary authorities, extension services, and farmers.

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“…tomato (Pst) is a Gram-negative bacterium and the causal agent of the bacterial speck of tomato. Pst is considered one of the most significant and widespread bacterial pathogens affecting tomato plants [45]. The bacterial speck is a parenchymatic disease and causes significant economic losses for tomato growers worldwide, as it can reduce fruit yield and quality 5 [46].…”

Section: Pseudomonas Syringae Pv Tomato (Okabe) Young Dye and Wilkiementioning

confidence: 99%

Tomato and Pepper Seeds as Pathways for the Dissemination of Phytopathogenic Bacteria: A Constant Challenge for the Seed Industry and the Sustainability of Crop Production

Xhemali,

Giovanardi,

Biondi

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The seed industry plays a crucial role in the global food production, but it faces a persistent challenge in ensuring the health and quality of seeds, particularly those of tomato and pepper, which represent key seed commodities on the global market. Seeds can serve as potential pathways for the introduction and dissemination of seed-borne bacteria, which may have devastating effects on crop yield, farmers’ remunerability, and food security. Therefore, fungicides and other anti-microbial compounds are extensively used to disinfect the seeds, thus increasing the input of chemicals in the agri-enviroment. In this review, we address aspects that connect disease epide-miology with seed infection and health, including seed contamination, endophytic colonization, and seed-borne infections. We focused on the main bacterial diseases affecting tomato and pepper by discussing their official seed testing methods as requirements supporting a smooth seed trade. Moreover, we present a survey on the past and recent innovations for seed treatments, focusing on sustainable disinfection methods. Therefore, this review will be a short, but indispensable guide for seed technologists and pathologists involved in the production of high-quality seeds, providing indications and suggestions to contrast seed-borne pathogens dissemination, avoid international controversies and complaints by phytosanitary authorities, extension services and farmers.

show abstract

Isolation of Pseudomonas syringae pv. Tomato strains causing bacterial speck disease of tomato and marker-based monitoring for their virulence

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Biological Control of Tomato Bacterial Leaf Spots and Its Impact on Some Antioxidant Enzymes, Phenolic Compounds, and Pigment Content

Biological Control of Tomato Bacterial Leaf Spots and Its Impact on Some Antioxidant Enzymes, Phenolic Compounds, and Pigment Content

Tomato and Pepper Seeds as Pathways for the Dissemination of Phytopathogenic Bacteria: A Constant Challenge for the Seed Industry and the Sustainability of Crop Production

Tomato and Pepper Seeds as Pathways for the Dissemination of Phytopathogenic Bacteria: A Constant Challenge for the Seed Industry and the Sustainability of Crop Production

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