Isolation of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus in a Danish swine herd and experimental infection of pregnant gilts with the virus

Acute Hepatitis in a Piglet Experimentally Inoculated with Tissue Homogenates from Pigs with Postweaning Multisystemic Wasting Syndrome

“…Eight colostrum-deprived conventional piglets were obtained from a sow that lacked detectable antibodies to PCV-1 and PCV-2 by immunoperoxidase monolayer assay (IPMA) [2] using porcine kidney cells infected with PCV2 isolate. The serum collected from the sow before farrowing was negative for PCV-1and PCV-2 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) [4,9].…”

The "colorful" epidemiology of PRRS

“…The European appearance of the disease with clinical outbreaks compatible with the mystery disease of North America fulfilled much more the expectations of a first occurrence of an epidemic disease in naïve populations: the first outbreak of the disease in November 1990 in the Northwest of Germany triggered an abortion "storm" throughout Germany and soon after, through the Netherlands to Belgium, France and Spain [1,4,6,11,14,24,28]. On its way through Europe, however, the virus seemed to have lost its high virulence, since the disease was often mild, if not in-apparent in European areas (Austria, Czech Republic, East Germany and Denmark) that were affected one or two years after the dramatic onset in Western Europe [6,7,19,23], although previously their swine populations must have been naïve as well. 2.…”

Preliminary characterization of the transmission of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus

“…Britain, Spain, Japan, and Belgium (Baron et al, 1992;Botner et al, 1994;Dea et al, 1992;Ohlinger et al, 1991;Paton et al, 1992a;Plana et al, 1992;Shimizu et al, 1994;V5nnickier and Pensaert, 1993) …”

“…Initial identification of the etiologic agent of PRRS was delayed due to the narrow range of tissue culture cells in which the virus replicated. Primary cell cultures of PAM were first used to isolate the virus in Europe, Spain, Canada, Taiwan, and Japan (Baron et al, 1992;Botner et al, 1994;Dea et al, 1992;Ohlinger et al, 1991;Paton et al, 1992a;Plana et al, 1992;Shimi2ai et al, 1994;Vynckier and Pensaert, 1993;. In contrast, PRRSV was first isolated in the United States on a commercial cell line CL2521 (Collins et al, 1992 (Christianson et al, 1992;Yoon et al, 1992a).…”

“…Virus has been recovered from tonsil, spleen, kidney, heart, trachea, liver, lymph nodes, lung, serum, pleural fluid, thymus, and bone marrow (Botner et al, 1994;Halbur et al, 1995b;Paton et al, 1992b;Rossow et al, 1994a).…”