Isolation of Plasma Cholesterol-Lowering Components from Ningyotake (Polyporus confluens) Mushroom.

Abstract

SummaryThe present study was undertaken to isolate component(s) which contributes to the hypocholesterolemic action of Ningyotake (Poly porus confluens) mushroom. The mushroom powder was extracted with 80% ethanol, and the extract and residue were fractionated into five fractions according to the solubility to solvents. When each fraction was added to a diet containing 1% cholesterol and 0.25% sodium cholate and fed to rats, the plasma cholesterol level was significantly decreased only by ethyl acetate-soluble fraction. Therefore, ethyl acetate-soluble fraction was further fractionated by silica gel column chromatography. Two major compounds, which comprised 45.0% and 28.5% of the ethyl acetate-soluble fraction, were obtained in a pure form by the chromatog raphy, and the compounds were identified as grifolin (2-trans, trans -farnesyl-5-methylresorcinol) and neogrifolin (4-trans, trans-farnesyl-5-methylresorcinol), respectively. The addition of grifolin and neogrifolin to the high cholesterol diet was found to lower plama cholesterol level significantly.

Grifolin induces apoptosis via inhibition of PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in human osteosarcoma cells

“…Grifolin, a natural biologically active substance isolated from the edible bodies of the mushroom Albatrellus confluens [2], has shown multiple biological activities including inhibition of histamine release and NO production [3], antibiotic [4], anti-oxidation [5] and decrease of plasma cholesterol [6]. A recent study showed that grifolin is able to induce caspase-dependent apoptosis in several types of cancer cells by promoting cytochrome c release from mitochondria and increasing the Bax:Bcl-2 ratio [7].…”

Grifolin, a potential antitumor natural product from the mushroom Albatrellus confluens, inhibits tumor cell growth by inducing apoptosis in vitro

“…In 1950, grifolin was defined as an antibiotic [6]. Research has shown that grifolin added to the high cholesterol diet could significantly lower plasma cholesterol levels with limited or no toxicity [7]. Additionally, grifolin possesses antioxidative activity [8] and significantly inhibit histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells [9].…”

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“…In recent years, there has been interest in the cholesterol lowering properties of mushrooms, including Ganoderma lucidum (Reishi-, Longevity-, or Phantom mushrooms, Biladi Top, Young-zhi, The King Of Herbs, Ling Zhi in Chinese, Saru-no-koshikake and Mannendake in Japanese) [2,3], Pleurotus ostreatus (Oyster mushroom) [4-8], Volvariella volvacea (Straw mushroom) [9], Agaricus bisporus (champignon) [10], Agaricus campestris [11], Auricularia auricula (Tree-ear), Tremella fuciformis (White-jelly leaf) [12,13], Grifola frondosa (Maitake mushroom) [14,15], Lentinus erodes (Shiitake) and isolated fractions [14,16], and Polyporus confluens (Ningyotake) [17]. In an earlier work, Kaneda and Tokuda [18] studied cholesterol lowering properties of ether-, water- and ethanol extracts from caps and stems from Lentinus edodes , Auricularia polytricha (Jews-ear), Flammulina velutipes , and Agaricus bisporus .…”