Isolation of Mycobacterium talmoniae from a patient with diffuse panbronchiolitis: a case report

Abstract

Background Mycobacterium (M) talmoniae isolated from a patient with cystic fibrosis was first described in 2017, and cases of M. talmoniae remain exceedingly rare. Case presentation A 51-year-old woman had respiratory symptoms for 10 years. Diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB) was detected at the first visit at our hospital. A cavity lesion in the apex of the left lung was found, and sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid were acid-fast bacillus (AFB) smear- and culture-positive besides Pseudomonas aeruginosa. M. talmoniae was finally identified, and the standard combination therapy for non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) was administered for 2 y referring to the drug-susceptibility test. Thereafter, the AFB culture was negative, the wall thickness of the lung cavity was ameliorated, and oxygen saturation improved. Conclusions We encountered a rare case of M. talmoniae with DPB, for which standard combination therapy was effective. M. talmoniae may be considered a potential pathogen of lung disease, especially in patients with bronchiectatic lesions.

Soil microbial responses to multiple global change factors as assessed by metagenomics

“…This increase was especially evident after the application of 8 concurrent GC factors (Two-sided Wilcoxon test p-value < 1e-4, Figure 2A), where the mycobacterium MAGs are among the 12 most abundant genomes, whereas in the control samples the most abundant is ranked 27th. Many Mycobacterium species, known as Non Tuberculous Mycobacterium (NTM) are environmental opportunistic pathogens 20 , and are becoming an increasing sanitary problem 21 . In order to understand the potential pathogenicity of the unknown mycobacterium MAGs thriving in multiple GC conditions, we examined their virulence factor content 22 , which, despite not being markers for pathogenicity, contribute to the ability of pathogens to survive within hosts 23 .…”