Isolation of mononitrated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in particulate matter by liquid chromatography and determination by gas chromatography with the thermal energy analyzer

Abstract

between the various component species. COMPUTATIONSAll computations were accomplished with a 48K Apple 11+ microcomputer. Information concerning the algorithms is available from E.R.M.Registry No. H2S04,

Immunohistochemical quantitation of 4-aminobiphenyl-DNA adducts and p53 nuclear overexpression in T1 bladder cancer of smokers and nonsmokers

“…Low levels of 4-ABP-hemoglobin adducts have been observed in nonsmokers (6-8) and suggested to be due to exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (8,18). 4-Nitrobiphenyl in diesel exhaust has also been suggested as a source of 4-ABP adducts (19). However, low levels of nonspecific binding of primary or secondary antisera may also be responsible for the weak staining in nonsmokers.…”

“…Furthermore, the total distribution of 4-ABP-DNA adduct mean staining intensity in current smokers and nonsmokers was clearly bimodal, with two convex curves (Figure 1). Liver N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) and bladder NAT1, because of their major role in the biotransformation of aromatic amines and their polymorphisms affecting metabolism, would be expected to modulate the levels of 4-ABP-DNA adducts in the target organ (19).…”

Sub-parts-per-billion determination of nitro-substituted polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in airborne particulate matter and soil by electron capture-Tandem mass spectrometry

“…Nitro-PAHs have been determined by means of bioassay-directed fractionation and chemical analysis [29] in particulate exhaust emission of motor vehicles [5,9,10,13,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42], airborne particulate matter [15-19, 27, 33, 34, 42-53], industrial emissions [49], carbon black, and toners [3,[54][55][56] . All these matrices are extremely complex, since thousands of combustion products are generally present in the sample.…”

“…As a matter of fact, the detection limits often declared from experiments on nitro-PAH standard solutions did not hold when real environmental samples were considered. Among the techniques utilized to detect nitro-PAHs, the most frequently used are gas chromatography combined with, respectively, a thermionic (TID) or nitrogen-phosphorus (NPD) selective detector [13,IS,47,50,59], chemiluminescence-based thermal energy analyzer (TEA) [31][32][33][34] and electron capture detector (ECD) [44,46,57], HPLC with either fluorescence [40][41][42]45], chemiluminescence [36,51,56], or electrochemical [37,42,43,58] detector, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in electron impact (EI) [13, 16-19, 32, 34, 35, 59], positive ion chemical ionization (PCI) [9], or negative ion chemical ionization (NCI) electron capture (EC) us. 39,46,48,55,59].…”

Fluorescence detection and identification of nitro derivatives of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by on-column catalytic reduction to aromatic amines

“…Less expensive and simpler alternative chromatographic detection techniques are needed especially for routine monitoring applications. More recently, a number of selective GC detectors have been applied to nitro-PAH analysis (31,32).…”