Isolation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Amniotic Fluid and Placenta

Abstract

Diverse progenitor cell populations, including mesenchymal, hematopoietic, trophoblastic, and possibly more primitive stem cells can be isolated from the amniotic fluid and the placenta. At least some of the amniotic and placental cells share a common origin, namely the inner cell mass of the morula. Indeed, most types of progenitor cells that can be isolated from these two sources share many characteristics. This unit will focus solely on the mesenchymal stem cells, the most abundant progenitor cell population found therein and, unlike some of the other stem cell types, present all through gestation. Protocols for isolation, expansion, freezing, and thawing of these cells are presented. Preference is given to the simplest methods available for any given procedure. Curr. Protoc. Stem Cell Biol. 1:1E.2.1‐1E.2.12. © 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Schwann-like cells can be induction from human nestin-positive amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells

“…Amniotic fluid was obtained by amniocentesis performed between 16 and 20 wk of gestation for fetal karyotyping. The culture procedures were performed as previously described (Steigman and Fauza, 2007). The samples were taken anonymously following karyotype medical report and only cultures with normal karyotype were used.…”

“…Human MSCs can be isolated from a variety of sources, such as the bone marrow (Friedenstein et al 1966;Zuk et al 2001), adipose tissue (Zuk et al 2001), umbilical cord blood (Lee et al 2005), synovium (De Bari et al 2001b), periosteum (De Bari et al 2001a), and muscle (Seale et al 2001). Recently, the presence of MSCs in the amniotic fluid (AF-MSCs) was also reported (Kaviani et al 2003;Tsai et al 2006;De Coppi et al 2007;Kolambkar et al 2007;Steigman and Fauza, 2007). Like other MSCs, AFMSCs possess the typical properties of MSCs.…”

Amniotic Fluid-Derived Stem Cells for Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering Applications

“…Isolation, culture, and cryopreservation of AFSC are ongoing areas of investigation in the field. 19,[23][24][25][26][27][28] Additionally, some researchers are comparing AFSC to other fetal-derived tissues such as umbilical cord blood and amniotic membrane. 27,29,30 AFSC are being explored for use in tissue engineering applications for a variety of tissue types.…”

“…19,[23][24][25][26][27][28] Additionally, some researchers are comparing AFSC to other fetal-derived tissues such as umbilical cord blood and amniotic membrane. 27,29,30 AFSC are being explored for use in tissue engineering applications for a variety of tissue types. This review focuses on cardiovascular cell types and tissue engineering, which are addressed further below, but AFSC are also being investigated for osteogenic, 13,31,32 renal, 33,34 myogenic, 35 epithelial, 36,37 and neuronal 14,[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45] differentiation and tissue engineering.…”

Effect of Passage, Sorting, and Media on Differentiation Capacity and Marker Expression in Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells

“…[3][4][5][6][7][8]10,11,14,15,25,26,28,29 However, other studies have used AFSC maintained in medium containing 10% FBS 1,2,18,24 or 20% FBS. 16,22,30,34,35,37 In addition to culture of AFSC in medium supplemented with Chang medium, studies have also cultured AFSC in medium with no additional supplements, 1,16,24 5-10 ng/ml basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), 17,[19][20][21]31 10 ng/ml epidermal growth factor (EGF), 13,18 or 10 ng/ml each bFGF and EGF. 36,37 To address the maintenance of stem cell markers and differentiation capacity of AFSC isolated and cultured in different conditions, both c-kit sorted and unfractionated AFSC from the same patient samples were cultured in a variety of medium conditions, including varying FBS concentration from 10 to 20% and testing different medium supplements.…”