The purpose of the agricultural ecosystems lies in supplying people with the outputs of crop production and livestock farming. The main feature is a purposeful or unintentional anthropogenic change of the living conditions of cultivated plants and domestic animals. The aim of study is working out the methods of practical application of the bacteriophages for the detection of the pathogenic microorganisms as part of sectoral foresight. The activity of the target phages was evaluated by their ability to lyse a bacterial culture in liquid and solid growth medium and represented by maximal dilution. Four bacteriophages Listeria-L2А, L4A (SRI NRIVVaMR RAAS, Pokrov, Russia), P100 (Listex™, Netherlands), Lm1 (IRCMiB, Ulyanovsk, Russia) were tested and found that phages L 2A, L 4A and P100 are genus-specific, the phage Lm1 is species-specific.