Isolation of Francisella tularensis from blood

Provenza, J. Mark; Klotz, Stephen A.; Penn, Robert L.

doi:10.1128/jcm.24.3.453-455.1986

Cited by 52 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Susceptibility to streptomycin was in the 1-1 6 mg/l range (mean 4.50), whereas susceptibility to gentamicin was 0.5-8 mg/l (mean 3.40). Gentamicin given as intramuscular injections has been suggested as an alternative to streptomycin IM against generalized as well as ulceroglandular tularemia (5, 11,14). Gentamicin is today by far the most commonly used aminoglycoside in Norwegian hospitals, and the measurement of serum concentrations of gentamicin is a fairly routine hospital laboratory practice.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility pattern of Scandinavian Francisella tularensis isolates with regard to oral and parenteral antimicrobial agents

Scheel¹,

Hoel²,

Sandvik³

et al. 1993

APMIS

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Some recently introduced antimicrobial agents have only been incompletely evaluated for use in Francisella tularensis infections. The present study evaluated the susceptibility pattern of Scandinavian human, rodent, and hare F. tularensis isolates with respect to a selection of traditional as well as recently introduced antimicrobial agents. All strains were resistant to the following β‐lactams: penicillin, cephalexin, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, imipenem, and meropenem with minimal inhibitory concentrations > 32 mg/1. Against macrolides, a mixed susceptibility/resistance pattern appeared. All strains were susceptible to gentamicin, chloramphenicol, doxycycline, and four quinolones. Since the quinolones showed the lowest MIC values, and in addition give a good intracellular penetration, we conclude that future drugs to consider against tularemia should definitely include this group of antibiotics. The outpatient mode of antibiotic treatment is especially relevant as the Scandinavian variant of F. tularensis infection is nonlethal, usually pustuloglandular, and not septicemic. Therefore, oral drugs must be sought, and the quinolone group also satisfies this requirement.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility pattern of Scandinavian Francisella tularensis isolates with regard to oral and parenteral antimicrobial agents

Scheel¹,

Hoel²,

Sandvik³

et al. 1993

APMIS

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“…In pneumonic, typhoidal or septic tularaemia, blood cultures are most promising. Frequently used commercial blood culture systems like BACTEC TM (BD), or BacT/Alert TM (bioMerieux, Hazelwood, IL, USA) were shown to give positive results in human tularaemia (Provenza et al., 1986; Haristoy et al., 2003). It remains to be determined if inoculation of samples from sterile sites (pleural fluid, liquor) into these blood culture systems may be superior to culture on solid media or in conventional broth (Brion et al., 1996).…”

Section: Bacteriological Specimen Examination For the Diagnosis Of Tumentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnostic Procedures in Tularaemia with Special Focus on Molecular and Immunological Techniques

Splettstoesser

Tomaso

Dahouk

et al. 2005

Journal of Veterinary Medicine, Series B

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Tularaemia is a severe bacterial zoonosis caused by the highly infectious agent Francisella tularensis. It is endemic in countries of the northern hemisphere ranging from North America to Europe, Asia and Japan. Very recently, Francisella-like strains causing disease in humans were described from tropical northern Australia. In the last decade, efforts have been made to develop sensitive and specific immunological and molecular techniques for the laboratory diagnosis of tularaemia and also for the definite identification of members of the species F. tularensis and its four subspecies. Screening for the keyword 'Francisella' a Medline search over the last decade was performed and articles describing diagnostic methods for tularaemia and its causative agent were selected. Besides classical microbiological techniques (cultivation, biochemical profiling, susceptibility testing) several new immunological and molecular approaches to identify F. tularensis have been introduced employing highly specific antibodies and various polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods. Whereas direct antigen detection by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or immunofluorescence might allow early presumptive diagnosis of tularaemia, these methods--like all PCR techniques--still await further evaluation. Therefore, diagnosis of tularaemia still relies mainly on the demonstration of specific antibodies in the host. ELISA and immunoblot methods started to replace the standard tube or micro-agglutination assays. However, the diagnostic value of antibody detection in the very early clinical phase of tularaemia is limited. Francisella tularensis is regarded as a 'highest priority' biological agent (category 'A' according to the CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA), thus rapid and reliable diagnosis of tularaemia is required not only for a timely onset of therapy, the handling of outbreak investigations but also for the surveillance of endemic foci. Only very recently, evaluated test kits for serological diagnosis of human tularaemia became available, while the introduction of standardized molecular techniques for detection and typing is still missing.

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“…PCR is a helpful diagnostic tool, but it is not yet available for general use. It is uncommon to isolate F. tularensis from blood (Provenza et al ., 1986; Reary & Klotz, 1988). These fastidious bacteria, however, have been recovered from human blood frozen for three months (Pittman et al ., 1977).…”

Section: Miscellaneous Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, no cases of transfusion transmission have been reported. Patients with positive blood cultures are also likely to be eliminated as candidate blood donors, as they tend to have a more severe illness (Provenza et al ., 1986).…”

Section: Miscellaneous Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tick‐borne diseases in transfusion medicine

Pantanowitz

Telford

Cannon

2002

Transfusion Medicine

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Ticks are effective vectors of viral, bacterial, rickettsial and parasitic diseases. Many of the tick-borne diseases (TBDs) are of significance to transfusion medicine, either because of the risks they pose to the blood supply or the necessity for blood products required in their treatment. The transmission of tick-borne pathogens via blood transfusion is of global concern. However, among transfusion medicine practitioners, experience with most of these microorganisms is limited. Transfusion transmission of TBDs has been documented largely by means of single case reports. A better understanding of the epidemiology, biology and management of this group of diseases is necessary in order to assess the risks they pose to the blood supply and to help guide effective prevention strategies to reduce this risk. Unique methods are required to focus on donor selection, predonation questioning, mass screening and inactivation or eradication procedures. The role of the transfusion medicine service in their treatment also needs to be better defined. This article reviews the growing body of literature pertaining to this emerging field of transfusion medicine and offers some recommendations for transfusionists in dealing with TBDs.

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Isolation of Francisella tularensis from blood

Cited by 52 publications

References 7 publications

Susceptibility pattern of Scandinavian Francisella tularensis isolates with regard to oral and parenteral antimicrobial agents

Susceptibility pattern of Scandinavian Francisella tularensis isolates with regard to oral and parenteral antimicrobial agents

Diagnostic Procedures in Tularaemia with Special Focus on Molecular and Immunological Techniques

Tick‐borne diseases in transfusion medicine

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