Isolation of Environmental Bacteria from Surface and Drinking Water in Mafikeng, South Africa, and Characterization Using Their Antibiotic Resistance Profiles

Abstract

The aim of this study was to isolate and identify environmental bacteria from various raw water sources as well as the drinking water distributions system in Mafikeng, South Africa, and to determine their antibiotic resistance profiles. Water samples from five different sites (raw and drinking water) were analysed for the presence of faecal indicator bacteria as well as Aeromonas and Pseudomonas species. Faecal and total coliforms were detected in summer in the treated water samples from the Modimola dam and in the mixed water samples, with Pseudomonas spp. being the most prevalent organism. The most prevalent multiple antibiotic resistance phenotype observed was KF-AP-C-E-OT-K-TM-A. All organisms tested were resistant to erythromycin, trimethoprim, and amoxicillin. All isolates were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and faecal coliforms and Pseudomonas spp. to neomycin and streptomycin. Cluster analysis based on inhibition zone diameter data suggests that the isolates had similar chemical exposure histories. Isolates were identified using gyrB, toxA, ecfX, aerA, and hylH gene fragments and gyrB, ecfX, and hylH fragments were amplified. These results demonstrate that (i) the drinking water from Mafikeng contains various bacterial species and at times faecal and total coliforms. (ii) The various bacteria are resistant to various classes of antibiotics.

Bacteriological quality and antibiogram of isolates from potable water sources in ekosodin community, Benin City, Nigeria

“…In a similar trend, as observed in this study, the sensitivity of all isolates to ciprofloxacin was also reported by Mulamattathil et al, 2014. Results from their study, revealed that all environmental isolates which included Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris were completely sensitive to neomycin, streptomycin and ciprofloxacin.…”

The Identification of Microbial Characteristics and Number of Colonies Isolated From River Water in the Region of Mulyoagung Singgahan Tuban

“…Presence of gram-negative bacteria in the River, proving that Nglirip River polluted by manure or feces and suspected to contain pathogenic bacteria. Bacterial pathogens were waters, most of whom are of the type of fecal coliform bacteria [1,2,[11][12][13]. In general, fecal coliform bacteria that existed on the waters are due to the type of Escherichia coli can survive outside the digestive system.…”

“…Water also can play a role in the spread of bacteria, so that when water contaminated with this bacteria for human consumption, it will have implications for the human health [2].…”

Incidence of Multi Drug Resistance and Diversity of TEM-1 Beta Lactamase in Gram Negative Bacteria Isolated from Clinical and Environmental Sample

“…After filtration, the membrane filter was inoculated into a sterile Luria Bertani broth to study the incidence of bacterial population (Mulamattathil et al, 2014). The isolates from the clinical and environmental samples were inoculated to the selective agar medium specified by the HiMedia, India for the isolation of different bacterial genera.…”