Isolation of diterpenes from Araucaria sp Brazilian brown propolis and development of a validated high‐performance liquid chromatography method for its analysis

Abstract

Propolis comprises a complex resinous product composed of plant's parts or exudates, pollen, bee wax, and enzymes. Brazilian brown propolis from Araucaria sp displays several biological activities. Considering the lack of validated analytical methods for its analysis, we are reporting the development of a validated high‐performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector method to analyze Araucaria brown propolis. The crude propolis were extracted and chromatographed, furnishing six main diterpenes. The isolated standards were used to draw the analytical curves, allowing the studies of selectivity, precision, accuracy, recovery, robustness, the determination of limits of detection and limits of quantification. The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% acetic acid in water and acetonitrile, using an octadecylsilane column, 1 mL/min flow rate and detection at 200 or 241 nm. Relative standard deviation values obtained for intra‐day and inter‐day precision were lower than 4% for all diterpenes. From the five parameters for robustness, wavelength detection and flow rate were the critical ones. Limits of detection and quantification ranged from 0.808 to 10.359 μg/mL and from 2.448 to 31.392 μg/mL, respectively. The recoveries were between 105.03 and 108.13%, with relative standard deviation values around 5.0%. The developed method is precise, sensitive, and reliable for analyzing Araucaria brown propolis.

A review on the anti‐inflammatory activities of Brazilian green, brown and red propolis

“…Flavonoids and cinnamic acid derivatives are well known for their anti‐inflammatory properties (Borrelli et al, 2002; de L. Paula et al, 2021; de Souza Silva et al, 2021), which are associated with the anti‐inflammatory activity of propolis extracts and products. Based on data from the literature, this article reviews and discusses the uses of red, brown, and green Brazilian propolis as anti‐inflammatory bee products and highlights pharmacological studies on reductions in the inflammatory process using this functional food supplement (Ccana‐Ccapatinta et al, 2020; Rodrigues et al, 2020; Santos et al, 2021).…”

Ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography using a fused‐core particle column for fast analysis of propolis phenolic compounds

“…Due to the complexity and variable composition, several methods have been developed to analyze the phenolic compounds from propolis, especially HPLC–MS and HPLC coupled with photodiode array detection (PDA) [17–22]. However, other techniques, such as GC–MS can be used [22, 23].…”

“…Due to the complexity and variable composition, several methods have been developed to analyze the phenolic compounds from propolis, especially HPLC–MS and HPLC coupled with photodiode array detection (PDA) [17–22]. However, other techniques, such as GC–MS can be used [22, 23]. More recently, UPLC has emerged as an alternative to HPLC to decrease analysis time and solvent consumption [24–26] which is an essential feature in the context of precise and fast characterization (quantification and identification) of these complex samples [26].…”

Biotransformation of diterpenes from Brazilian Brown Propolis by Cunninghamella echinulata

“…Brazilian brown propolis (BBP) produced in Paraná state has Araucaria as the primary botanical source, its exudates a resin composed predominantly of a mixture of acid diterpenes. Diterpenes have been identified as active compounds in several medicinal plants showing remarkable biological activities 1 , 2 . Biotransformation processes are interesting tools for the structural modification of natural products with complex chemical structures, which are difficult to achieve using chemical reactions.…”