Isolation of dammarane saponins from Panax notoginseng by high-speed counter-current chromatography

Physicochemical Characterization and NMR Assignments of Ginsenosides Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd Isolated from Panax ginseng

“…Also, the methyl carbon atoms C18 and C19 corresponded to peaks at δ C 16.091 and δ C 16.356 ppm, respectively. However, the order of the chemical shift differed from that of literature sources [5,7,9,17]. The significant difference in chemical shift between H18 (0.94 ppm) and H19 (0.79 ppm) indicated that the signals at 16.091 and 16.356 ppm, which were correlated with each proton signal in the HSQC spectrum, corresponded to C18 and C19, respectively.…”

“…All four of these saponins are bisdesmoides, in which a sugar is attached at C3 and C20. NMR peak assignments for the hydroxyl group and the methyl-linked carbon atom, the olefine carbon atom, and protons linked to individual carbon atoms differ significantly in the literature [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Although ginsenosides were identified in the 1970s, the lack of 2-D NMR techniques limited the amount of structural information available.…”

“…In contrast, NMR spectra measured in DMSO-d 6 were generally shifted to higher magnetic fields by 0.5 to 1.0 ppm [16]. Although C20 was observed at lower magnetic fields than those indicated in the literature when measured in pyridine-d 5 [5,9,17], C2' and C20 gave rise to peaks at δ C 83.486 and δ C 83.281 ppm, respectively, with C2' at the lower magnetic field. In this case, since these two carbon atoms were representative of a methine group and a quarternary carbon, respectively, identification was easily made via distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer measurements.…”

Panax notoginseng Attenuates the Infarct Volume in Rat Ischemic Brain and the Inflammatory Response of Microglia

“…Previous studies have reported that PN contains more than 30 different types of saponins including ginsenoside (Rb1, Re, Rg1, and Rh1) and notoginsenoside R1 (53). Previous studies have proved that Panax notoginseng saponin inhibits platelet aggregation in the patients with blood hyperviscosity syndrome (4) and improves I/R-induced hepatic microcirculation disturbance and vascular endothelium function (54), and notoginsenoside R1 inhibits leukocyte rolling and adhesion by inhibiting the expression of adhesion molecules in neutrophils (24).…”

Crystal structure of methyl 8-hydroxy-3-isopropyl-5a,8-dimethyl-2,3,4,5,5a,6,7,8,10a,10b-decahydrocyclohepta[e]indene-3a(1H)-carboxylate, C21H34O3

“…working without any solid support and its separation is based on fast partitioning e ect of the analytes between two immiscible liquid phases [2]. The preparative HSCCC method employed allowed the separation of several relatively pure mayor diterpenoids from 2 grams of the crude acetone extract of the aerial parts of this plant.…”