Isolation of Cardamonin and Pinostrobin Chalcone from the Rhizomes of Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. and their Cytotoxic Effects on H-29 and MDA-MB-231 Cancer Cell Lines

Abstract

<P>Background: Breast cancer and human colon cancer are the most common types of cancer in females and males, respectively. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer after lung and colon cancers. Natural products are an important source for drug discovery. Boesenbergia rotunda (L.) Mansf. is commonly known as finger root, belonging to the Zingiberaceae family. </P><P> Objective: The aim of this study to isolate some natural compounds from the rhizomes of B. rotunda (L.) Mansf., and to investigate their cytotoxicity against the human triple-negative breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. </P><P> Methods: The dried rhizomes of B. rotunda were extracted with methanol. The methanolic extract was further used for solvent-solvent extraction. Bioassay-guided extraction and isolation of the rhizomes of the B. rotunda exhibited cytotoxic properties of hexane and dichloromethane fractions. </P><P> Results: Six major chemical constituents, pinostrobin (1), pinostrobin chalcone (2), cardamonin (3), 4,5-dihydrokawain (4), pinocembrin (5), and alpinetin (6) were isolated from the rhizomes of the B. rotunda. All the chemical constituents were screened against the human triple-negative breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-231) and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines. The compound cardamonin (3) (IC50 = 5.62±0.61 and 4.44±0.66 µg/mL) and pinostrobin chalcone (2), (IC50 = 20.42±2.23 and 22.51±0.42 μg/mL) were found to be potent natural cytotoxic compounds against MDA-MB-231 and HT-29 colon cancer cell lines, respectively. </P><P> Conclusion: Cardamonin (3) and pinostrobin chalcone (2) were found to be the most potential natural compounds against breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and colon cancer HT-29 cell line.</P>

Boesenbergia stenophylla-Derived Stenophyllol B Exerts Antiproliferative and Oxidative Stress Responses in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells with Few Side Effects in Normal Cells

“…For example, B. pandurate-derived panduratin A showed an IC 50 value of 3.75 µg/mL against non-TNBC cells (MCF-7) through a 72 h MTT assay [19]. B. rotunda-derived cardamonin showed IC 50 values of 5.62 and 26.7 µg/mL against TNBC cells (MDA-MB-231) [26] and nasopharyngeal (HK1) [21] cancer cells, whereas the IC 50 values of normal nasopharyngeal epithelial cells (NP69) were >200 µg/mL. This suggests cardamonin exhibits anticancer effects without severe side effects in normal cells.…”

Recent Advances Regarding the Phytochemical and Therapeutic Uses of Populus nigra L. Buds

“…Pinostrobin demonstrated a strong antitumor activity on mammary carcinoma cells, which was partially explained by topoisomerase inhibition [82][83][84]. This enzyme is responsible for DNA strand break repair, allowing the broken strand to rotate on the intact one and reducing the torsional tension of the molecule during the process [85].…”

Pinostrobin attenuates azoxymethane-induced colorectal cytotoxicity in rats through augmentation of apoptotic Bax/Bcl-2 proteins and antioxidants

“… 27 Numerous biological potentials exhibited by this flavanone including antioxidants, 28 anti-inflammatory, 29 augmentations of inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α) 30 and anti-ulcerogenic actions. 26 Moreover, in vitro , studies revealed outstanding inhibitory efficacy of PN against the growth of breast cancer, 31 cervical, 32 lung cancers, 33 HL-60 and K562 leukaemia cells. 34 Moreover, PN also exhibited significant free radical quenching and anti-inflammation actions in silver nanoparticle-treated fibroblasts.…”