Isolation of bacterial cerebrospinal fluid culture contaminants at a major military medical center

Wong, Priscilla H.; Maranich, Ashley M.; Muench, Dawn F.

doi:10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2013.08.019

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…There was no evidence of CSF bacterial infection in any patients, as 16S read counts were low and no specimens were dominated by one organism, except sample 48148, characterized by Corynebacterium , a known CSF culture contaminant (23) and laboratory contaminant (24) (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The low read counts likely highlighted several contaminants introduced during sample processing, as documented previously (24). Bacterial taxa found in the CSF specimens included Propionibacterium , Bacillus and Enterobacteriaceae, all known to be CSF culture contaminants (23, 25, 26) and laboratory contaminants (24). Although Enterobacteriaceae is a family containing well-known pathogens, the number of 16S reads matching these taxa was significantly lower than would be expected in an active CSF infection.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genomic Analyses of Acute Flaccid Myelitis Cases among a Cluster in Arizona Provide Further Evidence of Enterovirus D68 Role

Bowers

Valentine

Harrison

et al. 2019

mBio

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Enteroviruses frequently result in respiratory and gastrointestinal illness; however, multiple subtypes, including poliovirus, can cause severe neurologic disease. Recent biennial increases (i.e., 2014, 2016, and 2018) in cases of non-polio acute flaccid paralysis have led to speculations that other enteroviruses, specifically enterovirus D68 (EV-D68), are emerging to fill the niche that was left from poliovirus eradication. A cluster of 11 suspect cases of pediatric acute flaccid myelitis (AFM) was identified in 2016 in Phoenix, AZ. Multiple genomic analyses identified the presence of EV-D68 in the majority of clinical AFM cases. Beyond limited detection of herpesvirus, no other likely etiologies were found in the cluster. These findings strengthen the likelihood that EV-D68 is a cause of AFM and show that the rapid molecular assays developed for this study are useful for investigations of AFM and EV-D68.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic Analyses of Acute Flaccid Myelitis Cases among a Cluster in Arizona Provide Further Evidence of Enterovirus D68 Role

Bowers

Valentine

Harrison

et al. 2019

mBio

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“…In addition, the CSF samples could have been contaminated by normal microbial species on the skin, such as CoNS. Wong et al and Chang et al reported proportions of false-positive CSF culture results of 58.7% (71/121) and 11.1% (12/108), respectively [ 12 , 20 ]. Thus, it is important to exclude false-positive results.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the logistic regression model, a CSF ADA level > the normal value and the presence of external ventricular drainage/lumbar cistern drainage were associated with MDR bacterial infections (Table 9). [12,20]. Thus, it is important to exclude false-positive results.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Mdr Bacterial Infectionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of patients with central nervous system infections, mainly neurosurgical patients: a retrospective study from 2012 to 2019 in a teaching hospital in China

et al. 2021

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Background Central nervous system (CNS) infections are relatively rare but are associated with high mortality worldwide. Empirical antimicrobial therapy is crucial for the survival of patients with CNS infections, and should be based on the knowledge of the pathogen distribution and antibiotic sensitivities. The aim of this study was to investigate the features of pathogens in patients with CNS infections in North China and evaluate the risk factors for mortality and multi-drug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections. Methods A retrospective study was conducted with patients with positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cultures in a teaching hospital from January 2012 to December 2019. The following data were collected: demographic characteristics, laboratory data, causative organisms and antimicrobial sensitivity results. Data were analyzed with SPSS 16.0. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the risk factors for mortality and MDR bacterial infections. Results A total of 72 patients were diagnosed with CNS infections, and 86 isolates were identified. The proportions of Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were 59.3, 30.2 and 10.5%, respectively. The predominant Gram-positive bacteria was Coagulase-negative Staphylococci. Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. were the predominant Gram-negative bacteria. Compared to 2012–2015 years, the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria increased markedly during 2016–2019 years. Coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Enterococcus faecium had 100% sensitivity to vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid. Acinetobacter baumannii and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 100% sensitive to tigecycline. Escherichia coli had 100% sensitivity to amikacin, meropenem and imipenem. The overall mortality rate in the 72 patients was 30.6%. In multivariate analysis, age > 50 years, pulmonary infections and CSF glucose level < the normal value were associated with poor outcomes. CSF adenosine deaminase level > the normal value and the presence of external ventricular drainage/lumbar cistern drainage were associated with MDR bacterial infections. Conclusions The mortality rate due to CNS infections reached 30.6% in our study. The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria has increased markedly in recent years. We should give particular attention to patients with risk factors for mortality and MDR bacterial infections mentioned above.

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“…Due to a lack of standardization of the available assays and uncertainty about sample collection and processing. False positive CSF culture can be discovered in some studies [11,19]. In our study, 111 positive CSF culture specimens were identi ed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

Epidemiology, pathogens distribution, antibiotic susceptibility and the risk factors for mortality of patients with central nervous system infections: a retrospective study from 2012 to 2019 in a teaching hospital in China

Zhang

Song

Kang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background: Central nervous system (CNS) infections are relatively rare but associated with high mortality worldwide. Empirical antimicrobial therapy is crucial for the prognosis of patients with CNS infections, which should be based on the knowledge of pathogens distribution and antibiotic sensitivities. China is a vast country, and the pathogens distribution varies nationwide. The aim of this study is to investigate the features of pathogens in patients with CNS infections in north China and we tried to evaluate the risk factors for mortality.Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the patients with positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture in a teaching hospital between January 2012 and December 2019. The following information were collected: demographic characteristics, laboratory data, causative organisms and antimicrobial susceptibility results. Univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the risk factors for mortality.Results: In this eight-year retrospective study, a total of 72 patients were diagnosed with CNS infections and 86 isolates were identified. Among all the microorganisms detected, Gram-positive strains consisted of 59.3%, Gram-negative bacteria of 30.2% and fungi of 10.5%. The predominant Gram-positive isolate was coagulase-negative staphylococci. Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella were the common Gram-negative strains. Compared to 2012-2015 years, the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria increased markedly during 2016-2019 years. Vancomycin, teicoplanin and linezolid were still 100% sensitive to Gram-positive bacteria. For the multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, only tigecycline was the 100% sensitive antibiotics. The mortality of the 72 patients was 30.6%. In the multivariate analysis, age >50 years, combined pulmonary infection and CSF glucose < normal value were associated with poor prognosis. Conclusions: CNS infections cause high mortality worldwide. Although Gram-positive bacteria are still the primary pathogen of CNS infections, Gram-negative bacteria had increased in recent years and should be considered in the choice of empirical antibiotic treatment. Special attention should be given to older patients and those combined pulmonary infection and with low CSF glucose level.

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Isolation of bacterial cerebrospinal fluid culture contaminants at a major military medical center

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Genomic Analyses of Acute Flaccid Myelitis Cases among a Cluster in Arizona Provide Further Evidence of Enterovirus D68 Role

Genomic Analyses of Acute Flaccid Myelitis Cases among a Cluster in Arizona Provide Further Evidence of Enterovirus D68 Role

Epidemiology of patients with central nervous system infections, mainly neurosurgical patients: a retrospective study from 2012 to 2019 in a teaching hospital in China

Epidemiology, pathogens distribution, antibiotic susceptibility and the risk factors for mortality of patients with central nervous system infections: a retrospective study from 2012 to 2019 in a teaching hospital in China

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