Isolation of Artemisinin (Qinghaosu) from Artemisia annua Growing in the United States

Klayman, Daniel L.; Lin, Ai Jeng; Acton, Nancy; Scovill, John P.; Hoch, James M.; Milhous, Wilbur K.; Theoharides, Anthony D.; Dobek, Arthur S.

doi:10.1021/np50034a027

Cited by 234 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 4 publications

(4 reference statements)

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“…Sodium artesunate produced different immunological effects in mice depending on the quantity administered, that is, low doses increased, whereas high doses diminished, immunologic responses (93). When tested against clinical isolates of Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, QHS exhibited no antibacterial activity (12). The compound was also inactive against P388 leukemia (94 C5a is a biologically active molecule produced during the course of serum complement activation (1).…”

Section: Cerebral Malaria and Other Therapeutic Applications Of Qhsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qinghaosu (Artemisinin): an Antimalarial Drug from China

Klayman

1985

Science

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2,046

1,128

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The herb Artemisia annua has been used for many centuries in Chinese traditional medicine as a treatment for fever and malaria. In 1971, Chinese chemists isolated from the leafy portions of the plant the substance responsible for its reputed medicinal action. This compound, called qinghaosu (QHS, artemisinin), is a sesquiterpene lactone that bears a peroxide grouping and, unlike most other antimalarials, lacks a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system. The compound has been used successfully in several thousand malaria patients in China, including those with both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum . Derivatives of QHS, such as dihydroqinghaosu, artemether, and the water-soluble sodium artesunate, appear to be more potent than QHS itself. Sodium artesunate acts rapidly in restoring to consciousness comatose patients with cerebral malaria. Thus QHS and its derivatives offer promise as a totally new class of antimalarials.

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Section: Cerebral Malaria and Other Therapeutic Applications Of Qhsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Qinghaosu (Artemisinin): an Antimalarial Drug from China

Klayman

1985

Science

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2,046

1,128

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“…The original extract, febrifugine, was known for antimalarial and anticoccidial activity, but was never marketed because of a very narrow safety margin at the dose of 3 ppm. Other extracts of herbs were known to be effective against parasites, such as malaria, amoeba, trichomonad, arthropods and helminths (Foure and Bennejean, 1974;Klayman et al, 1984;Akhtar and Rifaat, 1985;Jiang et al, 1985;Klayman, 1985;Cooke et al, 1987;Lin et al, 1987;Dutta et al, 1989Dutta et al, , 1990He and Zhang, 1989;Matsuda et al, 1989Matsuda et al, , 1991Shuhua and Catto, 1989;Ou-Yang et al, 1990;Quan, 1990). Curcuma longa L. (Zingiberaceae), commonly known as turmeric, is a medicinal plant widely used and cultivated in the tropical regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticoccidial activity of Curcuma longa L. in broilers

Abbas

Iqbal

Khan

et al. 2010

Braz. arch. biol. technol.

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“…This plant is known as Qinghao and has been used for the treatment of fevers and malaria in China for many centuries. The methyl ether of dihydroartemisinin that was developed for enhancing the solubility of the compound whilst retaining the biological activity is used clinically (Heinrich et al, 2004;Klayman et al, 1984). Artemisinin isolated from the leaves of A. annua.…”

Section: Sesquiterpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Petroleum ether extract of the plant was chromatographed on silica gel (70-230 mesh) using 7.5% EtOAc in CHCl 3 solvent system. Artemisinin was isolated as fine white crystals in second fraction (Klayman et al, 1984).…”

Section: Sesquiterpenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%