Isolation of Arabidopsis genes that differentiate between resistance responses mediated by the RPS2 and RPM1 disease resistance genes.

Reuber, T. Lynne; Ausubel, Frederick M.

doi:10.1105/tpc.8.2.241

Cited by 253 publications

(189 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In the rps2 mutant, the avrRpf2-derived signal could still bind the RPS2 protein but in a nonproductive manner. This model is also consistent with data from Reuber and Ausubel(1996), which show that R gene interferente can, under some circumstances, work in either direction. (Differences in our observations can most likely be ascribed to slight differences in experimental conditions or vectors employed to deliver avr signals, and the sum of our data indicates a fine tuning of these signaling systems.)…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Interference between Two Specific Pathogen Recognition Events Mediated by Distinct Plant Disease Resistance Genes.

Ritter¹,

Dangl²

1996

Plant Cell

160

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We demonstrate that the interaction of the avirulence gene avrRpf2 and the cognate resistance gene RPS2 interferes with the interaction of avrRpm7-RPM7 in Arabidopsis. lnterference is mediated outside of the bacterial pathogen Pseudomonas syringae, presumably at the leve1 of recognition of avr-dependent signals, yet does not require the wildtype RPSP product. A numerical excess of f? syringae expressing avrRpm7 can overcome this interference in mixed inoculations. The interference of avrRpf2-RPS2 engagement with RPM7-dependent functions is mirrored by tmnscriptional activation of genes preferentially expressed during RPM7-or RPS2-mediated disease resistance reactions. This demonstration of interference between two plant disease resistance genes suggests that their products compete for a common element(s) in a signal transduction pathway leading to disease resistance.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Interference between Two Specific Pathogen Recognition Events Mediated by Distinct Plant Disease Resistance Genes.

Ritter¹,

Dangl²

1996

Plant Cell

160

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“…org/ptmdb/results.htm). These include eight Rop GTPases, which regulate actin organization (Fu et al, 2001(Fu et al, , 2002Gu et al, 2003), pollen tube tip growth (Lin et al, 1996;Fu et al, 2001;Gu et al, 2003), ABA and auxin signaling (Lemichez et al, 2001;Li et al, 2001;Tao et al, 2002), and other processes; AIG1, which is involved in RPS2-and avrRpt2-dependent responses to Pseudomonas infection (Reuber and Ausubel, 1996); Aux2-11, a negative regulator of auxin signaling (Wyatt et al, 1993;Caldelari et al, 2001;Dharmasiri and Estelle, 2002); and other proteins. Thus, it is surprising that era1, ggb, and plp phenotypes are not more severe.…”

Section: Auxin Signaling In Ggb Mutant Linesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Geranylgeranyltransferase I Is Involved in Specific Aspects of Abscisic Acid and Auxin Signaling in Arabidopsis

Johnson

Chary²,

Chernoff³

et al. 2005

Plant Physiology

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(Q.Z., M.P.R.)Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mutants lacking a functional ERA1 gene, which encodes the b-subunit of protein farnesyltransferase (PFT), exhibit pleiotropic effects that establish roles for protein prenylation in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and meristem development. Here, we report the effects of T-DNA insertion mutations in the Arabidopsis GGB gene, which encodes the b-subunit of protein geranylgeranyltransferase type I (PGGT I). Stomatal apertures of ggb plants were smaller than those of wild-type plants at all concentrations of ABA tested, suggesting that PGGT I negatively regulates ABA signaling in guard cells. However, germination of ggb seeds in response to ABA was similar to the wild type. Lateral root formation in response to exogenous auxin was increased in ggb seedlings compared to the wild type, but no change in auxin inhibition of primary root growth was observed, suggesting that PGGT I is specifically involved in negative regulation of auxin-induced lateral root initiation. Unlike era1 mutants, ggb mutants exhibited no obvious developmental phenotypes. However, era1 ggb double mutants exhibited more severe developmental phenotypes than era1 mutants and were indistinguishable from plp mutants lacking the shared a-subunit of PFT and PGGT I. Furthermore, overexpression of GGB in transgenic era1 plants partially suppressed the era1 phenotype, suggesting that the relatively weak phenotype of era1 plants is due to partial redundancy between PFT and PGGT I. These results are discussed in the context of Arabidopsis proteins that are putative substrates of PGGT I.Protein prenylation involves the formation of a thioether bond between a farnesyl (C15) or geranylgeranyl (C20) group and a C-terminal Cys residue (Clarke, 1992;Zhang and Casey, 1996). This posttranslational modification promotes protein-membrane and, in many cases, protein-protein interactions. Three protein prenyltransferases are known to catalyze protein prenylation in plants and other eukaryotes: (1) a heterodimeric protein farnesyltransferase (PFT) that consists of a-and b-subunits and transfers a farnesyl group from farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to proteins bearing a C-terminal CaaX motif, where ''C'' is Cys, ''a'' is often an aliphatic amino acid, and ''X'' is generally Met, Ala, Gln, Ser, or Cys; (2) a heterodimeric type I protein geranylgeranyltransferase (PGGT I) that shares a common a-subunit with PFT but possesses a distinct b-subunit and transfers a geranylgeranyl group from geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP) to proteins bearing a C-terminal CaaX motif, where ''X'' is Leu; and (3) a heterotrimeric type II protein geranylgeranyltransferase (PGGT II or Rab PGGT) that consists of distinct a-and b-subunits, as well as a third subunit called the Rab escort protein, and transfers a geranylgeranyl group from GGPP to Rab protein substrates (Clarke, 1992;Zhang and Casey, 1996;Crowell, 2000). PFT subunits have been identified and characterized from pea (Pisum sativum; Yang et al., 1993;Qian et al., 1996), tomato (Lycopersicon ...

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“…As shown in (Figure 3). GST1 and AIG1 are induced in wild-type plants undergoing a resistant (hypersensitive) response after infection with P. syringae carrying avrRpt2 (Greenberg et al, 1994;Reuber and Ausubel, 1996). (Lawton et al, 1996).…”

Section: Multiple Defenses Activated In Acd6 Plants In the Absence Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Gain-of-Function Arabidopsis acd6 Mutant Reveals Novel Regulation and Function of the Salicylic Acid Signaling Pathway in Controlling Cell Death, Defenses, and Cell Growth

et al. 1999

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We isolated a dominant gain-of-function Arabidopsis mutant, accelerated cell death 6 ( acd6 ), with elevated defenses, patches of dead and enlarged cells, reduced stature, and increased resistance to Pseudomonas syringae . The acd6 -conferred phenotypes are suppressed by removing a key signaling molecule, salicylic acid (SA), by using the nahG transgene, which encodes SA hydroxylase. This suppression includes phenotypes that are not induced by application of SA to wild-type plants, indicating that SA acts with a second signal to cause many acd6 -conferred phenotypes. acd6-nahG plants show hyperactivation of all acd6 -conferred phenotypes after treatment with a synthetic inducer of the SA pathway, benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid (BTH), suggesting that SA acts with and also modulates the levels and/or activity of the second defense signal. acd6 acts partially through a NONEXPRESSOR OF PR 1 ( NPR1 ) gene-independent pathway that activates defenses and confers resistance to P. syringae . Surprisingly, BTH-treated acd6-nahG plants develop many tumor-like abnormal growths, indicating a possible role for SA in modulating cell growth.

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Isolation of Arabidopsis genes that differentiate between resistance responses mediated by the RPS2 and RPM1 disease resistance genes.

Cited by 253 publications

References 32 publications

Interference between Two Specific Pathogen Recognition Events Mediated by Distinct Plant Disease Resistance Genes.

Interference between Two Specific Pathogen Recognition Events Mediated by Distinct Plant Disease Resistance Genes.

Protein Geranylgeranyltransferase I Is Involved in Specific Aspects of Abscisic Acid and Auxin Signaling in Arabidopsis

The Gain-of-Function Arabidopsis acd6 Mutant Reveals Novel Regulation and Function of the Salicylic Acid Signaling Pathway in Controlling Cell Death, Defenses, and Cell Growth

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