Isolation of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in upper respiratory tract infections of patients

Abstract

Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pyogenes, Moraxella catarrhalis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus pneumoniae are usual cause of upper respiratory tract infection cases. The present study aims the isolation of bacterial strains which are resistant to the commonly prescribed antibiotics. In total, 900 throat swabs were obtained from the patients suffering from upper respiratory tract infections residing in three different localities. The maximum number of isolates (64 %) were obtained from locality-1 (L-1), whereas lowest isolates were found in second locality (L-2). H. influenzae was found to be the most dominant bacterial pathogen in upper respiratory tract infections in patients with 42 % of the total isolates. H. influenzae and Chlamydia pneumoniae were resistant to β-lactam antibiotics but susceptible to fluroquinolones and aminoglycosides, whereas S. aureus and S. pneumoniae were found to be highly resistant to β-lactam, aminoglycosides and fluroquinolones. S. aureus was also moderately resistant to fluroquinolones and aminoglycosides with percent resistance of 26, 33 and 18 %, respectively. 56 % S. pneumoniae isolates were resistant against erythromycin, 27 % against chloramphenicol and 23 % against cefuroxime. The studies revealed that S. aureus and S. pneumoniae strains were high producer of biofilms which could be one of the reasons for their high pathogenicity.

Bacterial Profile and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns In Patients With Upper Respiratory Tract Infections In Debre Berhan Referral Hospital, Ethiopia

“…High resistance of S. pneumoniae to tetracycline and gentanmycin was seen in the present study and is consistent with the report of Wasihun, et al [32] . High resistance of S. aureus to β-lactam antibiotics such as ampicillin (65%), marcolide antibiotics such as erythromycin (54%) was reported by Wang, et al [31] in contrary to the present finding of 33.3% resistant to ampicillin and erythromycin. This difference may be due to difference in geographical area.…”

“…Similarly resistance pattern in the other isolates varied from one another. But it seems comparative with the other studies [16,[29][30][31] . High resistance of S. pneumoniae to tetracycline and gentanmycin was seen in the present study and is consistent with the report of Wasihun, et al [32] .…”

“…The low prevalence of H. influenzae in the present study agreed with the report of 1.32% prevalence by Kousalya et al [30] . However higher prevalence of H. influenza in other area have been reported such as 17.1% by James, et al [29] , 20% by Ndip, et al [28] and 23% by Wang, et al [31] . Similarly low and high (14.9%) prevalence of K. pneumnae have been reported [28,30] .…”

Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from patients with upper respiratory tract infections; a four year study in Tripoli city

“…Upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) involves the common cold, tonsillitis, laryngitis, pharyngitis, rhinitis, and otitis media. While, lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) includes acute bronchitis, and pneumonia [2]. Bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, and Haemophilus influenzae, etc are among the causative agents of RTI [3].…”

Oral cephalosporins in the ent-practice

“…К наиболее часто применяемым при этих патологических состояниях груп-пам антибиотиков, по данным многих исследований, отно-сятся бета-лактамы, фторхинолоны, макролиды и амино-гликозиды [1][2][3][4][5]. Однако, несмотря на огромное количе-ство доступных препаратов, одной из нерешенных про-блем реальной клинической практики остается неснижа-ющаяся резистентность к антимикробной терапии среди бактериальных патогенов, вызывающих инфекционные заболевания верхних отделов дыхательных путей и уха [6][7][8]. Многообразие и сложность механизмов формиро-вания резистентности, в том числе разрушение молекул антибиотиков, защита от их проникновения в бактериаль-ную клетку, активация механизмов вывода, модификация клеточных мишеней, определяют актуальность дальней-шего поиска новых, более совершенных антибактериаль-ных препаратов [9][10].…”