Isolation of a Tetrameric A-type Proanthocyanidin Containing Fraction from Fresh Tea (<i>Camellia Sinensis</i>) Leaves Using High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography

Kumar, N. Savitri; Bandara, B. M. Ratnayake; Hettihewa, S. K.

doi:10.1080/10826076.2015.1079717

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Reported examples only included a dimeric A-type PA isolated from a commercial oolong tea, and a tetrameric A-type PA isolated from fresh tea leaves [ 65 , 66 ]. According to Kumar et al, the occurrence of A-type PAs in tea plants is rare, but is of considerable interest, because they have been implicated to contribute to the beneficial effects of cranberry juice for preventing urinary tract infections [ 66 ]. Further chemical analysis of the identified two A-type PAs is required to confirm their structures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Tissue-specific Specialized Metabolism in Tieguanyin Tea Cultivar by Untargeted Metabolomics

et al. 2018

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Tea plants produce extremely diverse and abundant specialized metabolites, the types and levels of which are developmentally and environmentally regulated. However, little is known about how developmental cues affect the synthesis of many of these molecules. In this study, we conducted a comparative profiling of specialized metabolites from six different tissues in a premium oolong tea cultivar, Tieguanyin, which is gaining worldwide popularity due to its uniquely rich flavors and health benefits. UPLC-QTOF MS combined with multivariate analyses tentatively identified 68 metabolites belonging to 11 metabolite classes, which exhibited sharp variations among tissues. Several metabolite classes, such as flavonoids, alkaloids, and hydroxycinnamic acid amides were detected predominantly in certain plant tissues. In particular, tricoumaroyl spermidine and dicoumaroyl putrescine were discovered as unique tea flower metabolites. This study offers novel insights into tissue-specific specialized metabolism in Tieguanyin, which provides a good reference point to explore gene-metabolite relationships in this cultivar.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into Tissue-specific Specialized Metabolism in Tieguanyin Tea Cultivar by Untargeted Metabolomics

et al. 2018

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“…For example, grape seeds, which have been studied extensively, show a comparatively high proanthocyanidins/TPC ratio at about 44% (Baca-Bocanegra, Nogales-Bueno, Heredia, & Hernandez-Hierro, 2018). Some newly discovered proanthocyanidins, such as proanthocyanidins from Chinese bayberry leaves, also contain a high proanthocyanidins/TPC ratio of about 56% (Kumar, Bandara, & Hettihewa, 2015;Yang et al, 2011). These data indicate that proanthocyanidins from abandoned parts of plants are worth deeper and broader investigation in order to make full use of natural resources and discover novel types of compounds.…”

Section: Sezienementioning

confidence: 99%

Rethinking the Mechanism of the Health Benefits of Proanthocyanidins: Absorption, Metabolism, and Interaction with Gut Microbiota

Tao

Zhang

Shen

et al. 2019

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

101

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Proanthocyanidins, as the oligomers or polymers of flavan‐3‐ol, are widely discovered in plants such as fruits, vegetables, cereals, nuts, and leaves, presenting a major part of dietary polyphenols. Although proanthocyanidins exert several types of bioactivities, such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective activity, their exact mechanisms remain unclear. Due to the complexity of the structure of proanthocyanidins, such as their various monomers, different linkages and isomers, investigation of their bioavailability and metabolism is limited, which further hinders the explanation of their bioactivities. Since the large molecular weight and degree of polymerization limit the bioavailability of proanthocyanidins, the major effective site of proanthocyanidins is proposed to be in the gut. Many studies have revealed the effects of proanthocyanidins from different sources on changing the composition of gut microbiota based on in vitro and in vivo models and the bioactivities of their metabolites. However, the metabolic routes of proanthocyanidins by gut microbiota and their mutual interactions are still sparse. Thus, this review summarizes the chemistry, absorption, and metabolic pathways of proanthocyanidins ranging from monomers to polymers, as well as the mutual interactions between proanthocyanidins and gut microbiota, in order to better understand how proanthocyanidins exert their health‐promoting functions.

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“…Up to now, there are two kinds of solvent systems, namely organic-aqueous and aqueous-aqueous systems. The conventional used former one (e.g., n-hexane-ethyl acetatemethanol-water, ethyl acetate-n-butanol-water, and nbutanol-water solvent system with different volume ratios) could isolate compounds with hydrophobic to moderate polarity, [16][17][18][19][20][21] but often fails to provide suitable K values for highly polar compounds. [22] The latter one (e.g., polyethylene glycol-inorganic salt and polyethylene glycol-dextran solvent system) is successfully applied to separate polar compounds, such as proteins and nucleic acids, however, the polymers are not easy to be eliminated from target compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[16][17][18][19][20][21] Selection of applicable solvent system is essential for the provision of suitable partition coefficient (K) for the target compounds. Up to now, there are two kinds of solvent systems, namely organic-aqueous and aqueous-aqueous systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Separation of polar antioxidants from Rhizoma Polygonatum Odorati by high-speed counter-current chromatography with a hydrophilic solvent system

Peng

Zhang

Shi

2016

Journal of Liquid Chromatography & Related Technologies

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Some highly polar compounds are quality control makers for medicinal herbs. However, investigation of them has been hampered because the existing fractionation steps are difficult and laborious to purify them. Similar situations happen to Rhizoma Polygonatum Odorati, a widely used food supplement and medicinal herb with strong antioxidant activity, and up to date, only ethyl acetate fraction of Rhizoma Polygonatum Odorati has been comprehensively investigated. Here, HSCCC using a hydrophilic solvent system composed of n-butanol-ethanol-2 M ammonium sulfate (1:1:2, v/v/v) was performed to isolate highly polar antioxidants in n-butanol fraction of Rhizoma Polygonatum Odorati, guided by DPPH-HPLC experiment. Afterward, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography eluted by methanol was selected to eliminate ammonium sulfate and purify co-eluted compounds in HSCCC collected fractions. Finally, nine compounds, including four nucleosides, cytidine (1), uridine (4), guanosine (5), and adenosine (8); two nucleobases, guanine (3), and adenine (6); and three amino acids, tyrosine (2), phenylalanine (7), and tryptophan (9) with purities over 98% were achieved and identified by UV, MS, and 1 H NMR data. Notably, compounds 1-9 were first reported in genus Polygonatum. The results indicated that the proposed method was an efficient approach to isolate and purify highly polar compounds from complex extracts. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Isolation of a Tetrameric A-type Proanthocyanidin Containing Fraction from Fresh Tea (Camellia Sinensis) Leaves Using High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Insights into Tissue-specific Specialized Metabolism in Tieguanyin Tea Cultivar by Untargeted Metabolomics

Insights into Tissue-specific Specialized Metabolism in Tieguanyin Tea Cultivar by Untargeted Metabolomics

Rethinking the Mechanism of the Health Benefits of Proanthocyanidins: Absorption, Metabolism, and Interaction with Gut Microbiota

Separation of polar antioxidants from Rhizoma Polygonatum Odorati by high-speed counter-current chromatography with a hydrophilic solvent system

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