Isolation of a cDNA clone for mouse urinary proteins: age- and sex-related expression of mouse urinary protein genes is transcriptionally controlled.

Derman, E

doi:10.1073/pnas.78.9.5425

Cited by 57 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…It has been documented that, in the liver, MUP mRNA is synthesized only in postpubescent animals and that the onset of MUP mRNA synthesis is paralleled by the onset of transcription of MUP genes (7). All species of liver MUP mRNA begin to be synthesized around the start of puberty, in 4-to 5-week-old mice (data not shown).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The studies pre-VOL. 7,1987 on May 10, 2018 by guest http://mcb.asm.org/ Downloaded from sented here provide the basis on which we can begin to approach these questions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies presented here and in the preceding paper (15) give evidence of three species of liver mRNA, MUP I, II, and III. The synthesis of liver MUP mRNA is sex regulated; the total amount of MUP mRNA is 5-to 10-fold larger in male than in female mice (7,10). Because none of the oligonucleotide probes unambiguously discriminates between MUP I and MUP II mRNAs, and because MUP I-and MUP II-derived cDNA clones have After exposure, the blot was stripped and rehybridized with nicktranslated liver cDNA clone plivS-1 (8).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To this end, a mammary gland cDNA library was constructed and screened with a liver MUP cDNA clone, plivS-1 (7,8). Eighteen MUP cDNA clones were obtained from the library, consisting of ca.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Expression of six mouse major urinary protein genes in the mammary, parotid, sublingual, submaxillary, and lachrymal glands and in the liver.

Shahan¹,

Denaro²,

Gilmartin³

et al. 1987

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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Mouse major urinary proteins (MUPs) are encoded by a family of about 35 to 40 highly conserved genes. In the preceding paper (K. Shahan, M. Gilmartin, and E. Derman, Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:1938-1946, 1987, we presented the sequences of the most abundant MUP mRNAs in the liver (MUP I, II, and III) and in the lachrymal (MUP IV) and submaxillary (MUP V) glands. We have shown that these five mRNAs are coded by five distinct genes, MUP I through V. In the present communication, we examine the expression of MUP genes in all of the six tissues in which MUP mRNAs are synthesized, the mammary, parotid, sublingual, lachrymal, and submaxillary glands and the liver. We show that gene MUP II is expressed in the liver and in the mammary gland, that gene MUP IV is expressed in the lachrymal and parotid glands, and that gene MUP V is expressed in the submaxillary, sublingual, and lachrymal glands. Furthermore, we present evidence that in addition to genes MUP I through V, another gene, MUP VI, is expressed in BALB/c mice in the parotid gland. The tissue-specific synthesis of MUP mRNAs is thus brought about by two major mechanisms: the expression, in different tissues, of different members of the family and the expression of a single gene at various levels in different tissues. When a particular MUP gene is expressed in several tissues, transcripts of this gene initiate at the same site and are spliced and polyadenylated in the same manner.The mouse major urinary proteins (MUPs) are secretory proteins encoded by a family of genes that exhibit sequence conservation of at least 85%, both in the transcribed and in the flanking sequences (4; Y. Shi and E. Derman, unpublished data). MUPs are synthesized in six different tissues: the liver and the lachrymal, submaxillary, parotid, sublingual, and mammary glands (14, 16). In the liver, MUPs are synthesized in response to several hormones such as testosterone, growth hormone, glucocorticoid hormones, and thyroxine and only in post-pubescent mice (10, 16). In contrast, in the submaxillary and lachrymal glands, MUPs are synthesized in prepubescent mice as well as in adult mice (16). The hormonal regulation in these two glands, however, does vary. Whereas the synthesis of MUPs in the submaxillary gland does not appear to be hormonally controlled, the synthesis of the lachrymal gland MUPs is regulated by testosterone (16).In the preceding paper (15), we described the sequences of the major species of MUP mRNAs in the liver and in the lachrymal and submaxillary glands, MUP I, II, III, IV, and V. These five mRNAs are encoded by five distinct members of the MUP gene family. The focus of the studies presented here is to examine the synthesis of MUP mRNAs in three additional tissues, the mammary, parotid, and sublingual glands, and to define the expression of each of the previously identified genes, MUPI to V. To this end, we characterized the expression of individual MUP genes with the synthetic oligonucleotide probes described in the preceding paper (15), in male and in female mice and at various ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The studies pre-VOL. 7,1987 on May 10, 2018 by guest http://mcb.asm.org/ Downloaded from sented here provide the basis on which we can begin to approach these questions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Expression of six mouse major urinary protein genes in the mammary, parotid, sublingual, submaxillary, and lachrymal glands and in the liver.

Shahan¹,

Denaro²,

Gilmartin³

et al. 1987

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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“…It appears that the synthesis of tissue-specific mRNAs at the appropriate stage of development is controlled through transcriptional regulation (8,9). The mechanisms of this regulation are not known, nor is it known how this type of regulation arose during evolution.…”

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confidence: 99%

Tissue-specific expression of major urinary protein (MUP) genes in mice: characterization of MUP mRNAs by restriction mapping of cDNA and by in vitro translation.

Shahan¹,

Derman²

1984

Mol. Cell. Biol.

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The major urinary proteins (MUPs) in mice are coded for by a gene family which consists of ca. 30 members. The number of MUP genes that are expressed is not known. Previous studies have shown that MUP mRNAs are present in several secretory tissues in addition to the liver, in which they were originally identified. In this paper we show, through restriction analysis of MUP cDNAs, that distinct sets of MUP mRNAs are synthesized in each of the tissues studied and that these mRNAs are most likely coded for by different genes. As is shown, MUP mRNAs of different tissues are related to an extent that precludes the use of gene-specific probes in differentiating among them. The regions of homology also include the 3' untranslated regions of MUP mRNAs. The question of differential expression was thus investigated by searching for restriction polymorphisms in MUP mRNAs. We demonstrate that subtle differences in the sequences of even scarce mRNAs can be recognized by this particular approach. In addition, it is shown that MUP mRNAs of different tissues code for different, nonoverlapping sets of polypeptides, as determined by gel electrophoresis of in vitro-translated precursors to MUPs. The relevance of these results to models of evolution of tissue-specific regulation in a multigene family is discussed.It appears that the synthesis of tissue-specific mRNAs at the appropriate stage of development is controlled through transcriptional regulation (8, 9). The mechanisms of this regulation are not known, nor is it known how this type of regulation arose during evolution. As has been suggested (see, e.g., reference 12), detailed studies of the structure of tissue-specific genes which belong to multigene families should provide clues concerning both the evolution and the molecular basis of tissue-specific regulation. In this paper we show that the genes coding for major urinary proteins (MUPs) form such a gene family.MUPs were originally recognized because of their high concentration in the urine of adult male mice. The urinary MUPs are synthesized in the liver (13,23) under the influence of a number of hormones, including thyroxine, growth hormone, and testosterone (16,21 The MUPs are coded for by ca. 30 genes that are clustered in the Mup-a locus of chromosome 4 (1, 5). Because of the presence of a large number of MUP genes, the possibility exists that MUP genes are differentially expressed in different tissues. This question was thus investigated with the focus on expression of MUP genes in the liver and the submaxillary, sublingual, and lachrymal glands. MATERIALS AND METHODSAnimals. An inbred strain of Swiss white mice (NCS) raised at The Rockefeller University was used in all experiments.Preparation of poly(A+) RNA. Polyadenylated [poly(A+)] RNA was extracted from fresh mouse tissues by the technique of Chirgwin et al. (4) as previously described (9).RNA electrophoresis and blotting. The procedures used were those of D. Goldberg and B. Seed (unpublished) and Thomas (25). Poly(A+) RNA was denatured by heating for 5 min at ...

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Structure of mouse major urinary protein genes: different splicing configurations in the 3′-non-coding region.

Clark¹,

Clissold²,

Shawi³

et al. 1984

The EMBO Journal

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The multigene family which codes for the mouse major urinary proteins (MUPs) consists of approximately 35 genes. Most of these are members of two different groups, Group 1 and Group 2, which can be distinguished by nucleic acid hybridisation. Here we describe the structure of a Group 1 gene and show that two size classes of MUP mRNA which are found in mouse liver result from different splicing events in the 3′‐non‐coding region and contain different polyadenylation sites. Short mRNA is approximately 750 nucleotides long, contains six exons, and is the main product of the Group 2 genes. Long mRNA is approximately 880 nucleotides long, contains seven exons and is the main product of the Group 1 genes. Five exons and part of the sixth are common to long and short mRNA and contain the coding region. This codes for an acidic protein of 180 amino acids containing an 18 residue signal peptide. A comparison of the mouse sequence with a homologous rat alpha 2u‐globulin sequence shows that the rate of evolutionary divergence of the two proteins has been high. Silent sites have diverged four times more rapidly than replacement sites, showing that there has been selection against change in the protein sequence.

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Isolation of a cDNA clone for mouse urinary proteins: age- and sex-related expression of mouse urinary protein genes is transcriptionally controlled.

Cited by 57 publications

References 28 publications

Expression of six mouse major urinary protein genes in the mammary, parotid, sublingual, submaxillary, and lachrymal glands and in the liver.

Expression of six mouse major urinary protein genes in the mammary, parotid, sublingual, submaxillary, and lachrymal glands and in the liver.

Tissue-specific expression of major urinary protein (MUP) genes in mice: characterization of MUP mRNAs by restriction mapping of cDNA and by in vitro translation.

Structure of mouse major urinary protein genes: different splicing configurations in the 3′-non-coding region.

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