Isolation, identification, and characterization of the nematophagous fungus <i>Monacrosporium salinum</i> from China

Liu, Wei; Han, Yuan; Wang, Bobo; Sun, Long-Jie; Chen, Mingyue; Cai, Kui-Zheng; Li, Xuan; Zhao, Ming-Wang; Xu, Chun-lan; Xu, Qiang; Yi, Lin-xin; Wang, Hui; Xie, De-qiong; Li, Xiao-shan; Wu, Jiayan; Yang, Jing; Wei, Shuan; Li, Dan; Chen, Chun-rong; Zheng, Tian-hui; Li, Qing; Peng, Jianwei

doi:10.1002/jobm.201400909

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…synthe c chemical eggs (Taylor et al 2013) Flavopiridol synthe c chemical protein kinases (Taylor et al 2013) Invermec n synthe c chemical eggs (Taylor et al 2013) Monacrosporium salinum secondary metabolites larvicidal (Liu et al 2015) Monacrosporium thaumasium secondary metabolites larvicidal (Vilela et al 2013) Bacillus thuringiensis Cry14A growth and development (Wei et al 2003) Perspec ves using a variety of solvents (e.g., ethanol, acetone, chloroform, methanol, water). Each solvent will cause plant cells to release different categories of metabolites based on polarity and hydrophilicity.…”

Section: Perspec Vesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Solutions to Global Livestock Anthelmintic Resistance

French

2018

EBL

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Anthelmintic resistance in livestock is increasing globally. Livestock intestinal parasites now develop resistance to synthetic anthelmintics within 2–10 years, collectively costing billions of dollars annually in lost revenue around the world. Over-reliance on commercial drugs and dips and changes in livestock management practices are key drivers of this trend. To date, current research has focused on identifying new anthelmintics from bacterial and fungal sources or even synthesizing new drugs that target parasite metabolism or reproduction. Plant-derived anthelmintics are a promising alternative, yet to date major research funders and scientists have overlooked this option. Until the mid-20th century, rural communities relied on plant-based methods of controlling livestock parasites. These methods include feeding livestock specific medicinal plants and trees, grazing livestock on herbal leys, and changing where livestock grazed based on ecological factors (e.g., flooding) that increased parasite burdens. Many historic texts and ethnological accounts record the ethnobotanical knowledge of rural communities and the plants they used to control livestock intestinal parasites. Some traditions persist today yet the farmers, graziers, and shepherds who hold this knowledge are rapidly disappearing and with them perhaps a potential long-term solution to anthelmintic resistance. This short perspective piece will cover recent research using ethnobotanical data as a means to identifying potential new anthelmintics; the morphological, physiological, and metabolic effect of plant secondary metabolites on parasites; and an overview of “best practices” which can reduce bias in assessments of plant bioactivity and increase reproducibility of test results. This will hopefully bring recent advances in ethnobiology, chemistry, and ecology to new audiences, and, potentially, spark new interest in using medicinal plants to improve livestock health.

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Section: Perspec Vesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Based Solutions to Global Livestock Anthelmintic Resistance

French

2018

EBL

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“…According to the published method [32], the above dormant and nondormant chlamydospores were coated on cellulose film respectively, and incubated at 28°C for 12 h, then fixed overnight with 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution (special for electron microscopy, Beijing Mycorrhizal Biological Company), and then treated with PBS (0.01 M, pH 7.4) briefly rinsed, alcohol gradient dehydration, tert-butanol vacuum drying. Samples on the charged rubber were gold-plated fixed and then were observed and photographed by using SEM (JEOLS-3400IV, Peabody) under 15 KV voltage.…”

Section: Electron Microscopementioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Arthrobotrys flagrans

Wang,

Wang

et al. 2023

J Basic Microbiol

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The morphological and structural differences of different types of chlamydospore of Arthrobotrys flagrans, a nematophagous fungus, were studied under light microscope and electron microscope to provide a reference for the biological control of parasitic nematodiasis. In this study, A. flagrans isolate F088 dormant chlamydospore and nondormant chlamydospore were selected as the research objects. The structural differences of these spores were observed by optical microscopy through lactol cotton blue, Trypan blue, and 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) staining. FunXite ‐1, 4',6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole, and calcofluor white staining were used to observe the metabolic activity, cell wall, and nucleus differences of the two types of spores under fluorescence microscope. Ultrastructure of the two kinds of spores was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Since lacto phenol cotton blue, trypan blue staining cannot distinguish dormant spores from dead spores, MTT assay was performed. Fluorescence microscopy observation showed that the cytoplasmic metabolic activity of nondormant spores was stronger than that of dormant spores. The nucleus of dormant spores was bright blue, and their fluorescence was stronger than that of nondormant spores. The cell wall of nondormant spores produced stronger yellow‐green fluorescence than that of dormant spores. Ultrastructural observation showed that there were globular protuberances on the surface of the two types of spores but with no significant difference between them. The inner wall of dormant spore possesses a thick zona pellucida with high electron density which was significantly thicker than that of nondormant spores, and their cytoplasm is also changed. In this study, the microstructure characteristics of dormant and nondormant chlamydospores of A. flagrans fungi were preliminarily clarified, suggesting that the state of cell wall and intracellular materials were changed after spores entered to dormancy.

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“…According to the published method [29], the above dormant and non-dormant chlamydospores were coated on cellulose film respectively, and incubated at 28 for 12 h, then fixed overnight with 2.5% glutaraldehyde solution (special for electron microscopy, Beijing Mycorrhizal Biological Company), and then treated with PBS (0.01 M, pH7.4) briefly rinsed, alcohol gradient dehydration, tert-butanol vacuum drying. Samples on the charged rubber were gold-plated fixed, and then were observed and photographed by using scanning electron microscope (SEM) (JEOLS-3400IV, Peabody, Massachusetts) under 15 KV voltage.…”

Section: Electron Microscopementioning

confidence: 99%

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Duddingtonia flagrans

Wang¹,

Wang²,

Li³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The morphological and structural differences of different types of chlamydospore of Duddingtonia flagrans, a nematophagous fungus, were studied under light microscope and electron microscope to provide reference for the biological control of parasitic nematodiasis. In this study, D. flagrans isolate F088 dormant chlamydospore and non-dormant chlamydospore were selected as the research objects. The structural differences of these spores were observed by optical microscopy through lactol cotton blue, Trypan blue and MTT staining. FUN-1, DAPI and CFW staining were used to observe the metabolic activity, cell wall and nucleus differences of the two types of spores under fluorescence microscope. Ultrastructure of the two kinds of spores was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Since lacto phenol cotton blue, trypan blue staining cannot distinguish dormant spores from dead spores, MTT assay was performed. Fluorescence microscopy observation showed that the cytoplasmic metabolic activity of non-dormant spores was stronger than that of dormant spores. The nucleus of dormant spores was bright blue, and their fluorescence was stronger than that of non-dormant spores. The cell wall of non-dormant spores produced stronger yellow-green fluorescence than that of dormant spores. Ultrastructural observation showed that there were globular protuberances on the surface of the two types of spores, but with no significant difference between them. The inner wall of dormant spore possesses a thick zona pellucida with high electron density which was significantly thicker than that of non-dormant spores, and their cytoplasm is also changed. In this study, the microstructure characteristics of dormant and non-dormant chlamydospores of D. flagrans fungi were preliminarily clarified, suggesting that the state of cell wall and intracellular materials were changed after spores entered to dormancy.

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Isolation, identification, and characterization of the nematophagous fungus Monacrosporium salinum from China

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Plant-Based Solutions to Global Livestock Anthelmintic Resistance

Plant-Based Solutions to Global Livestock Anthelmintic Resistance

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Arthrobotrys flagrans

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Duddingtonia flagrans

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