Isolation from Man of "Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus-like" Viruses (Coronaviruses) similar to 229E Virus, with Some Epidemiological Observations

Kapikian, Albert Z.; James, Harvey D.; Kelly, Sara J.; Dees, Jane H.; Turner, Horace C.; McIntosh, Kenneth; Kim, Hyun Wha; Parrott, Robert H.; Vincent, Monroe M.; Chanock, Robert M.

doi:10.1093/infdis/119.3.282

Cited by 97 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Infection also occurred in a winter and spring seasonal pattern. Similar infection rates and seasonal distributions have been demonstrated in other adult populations (3)(4)(5). Confirmation and extension of these studies to include groups of children have been limited (4,5).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Seroepidemiologic Survey of Coronavirus (Strain 229e) Infections in a Population of Children

Kaye¹,

Dowdle²

1975

American Journal of Epidemiology

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The indirect hemagglutination (IHA) test for coronavirus 229E antibodies was used for serodiagnostic and seroepidemiologic studies in a population of children. Subjects ranged in age from 5 to 19 years and lived in a home which participated in a longitudinal surveilance of respiratory illness (1960-1968). During this period 1477 respiratory illnesses were observed; 63 (4%) were associated with sero-response (fourfold or greater antibody rises) to 229E. An additional 105 sero-responses were associated with unreported or subclinical illness. The frequency of these infections was cyclical, and 229E and coronavirus OC 43 infections peaked in different years among the same population. Sero-responses occurred mainly in the fall, winter and spring quarters. Preexisting antibody was demonstrated in one-third of the children with 229E sero-responses. Clinical studies indicated that the most frequent complaints with 229E infections were sore throat, coryza and cough, and the most frequent findings were pharyngeal injection, coryza and fever.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 64%

Seroepidemiologic Survey of Coronavirus (Strain 229e) Infections in a Population of Children

Kaye¹,

Dowdle²

1975

American Journal of Epidemiology

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“…In general, the primary isolation of HCoV-229E is difficult, and HCoV-229E strains cannot be grown easily in cell cultures without extensive adaptation by passaging (4). Secondary human embryonic kidney cells, human embryonic intestine MA-177 cells, the monkey kidney epithelial cell LLC-MK2 cell line, human embryonic fibroblasts, and the human colon epithelial cancer CaCo-2 cell line have been reported as permissive cells for the isolation of HCoV-229E from clinical specimens (5)(6)(7). In addition, we have reported the isolation of HCoV-229E on rhabdomyosarcoma RD-18S cells by chance, which, when infected, showed picornavirus-like cytopathic effects (CPEs) (8).…”

Section: Communicated By Makoto Takedamentioning

confidence: 99%

HeLa-ACE2-TMPRSS2 Cells Are Useful for the Isolation of Human Coronavirus 229E

et al. 2016

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The original strains of 229E virus were isolated in secondary cultures of human embryo kidney (Hamre and Procknow, 1966). The only other recorded isolations were made in cultures of diploid fibroblasts derived from foetal gut (Kapikian et al, 1969), and the authors were unable to propagate their strains in organ cultures of human embryonic trachea.Also of interest was the isolation of two strains of echovirus type 23, a serotype that often grows poorly in tissue cultures (Wigand and Sabin, 1961). However, both strains grew readily in tissue culture after their preliminary passage in organ culture.…”

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confidence: 99%

Further Observations on the Use of Organ Cultures in the Study of Acute Respiratorytract Infections

Higgins

Ellis

1973

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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ALTHOUGH many viruses are known to cause acute respiratory-tract infections, the proportion of illnesses that can be diagnosed in the laboratory remains disappointingly small-about 30 per cent. The introduction of organ cultures of human embryonic trachea and nose (Tyrrell and Bynoe, 1965;Hoorn, 1966) and the discovery of the human respiratory coronaviruses (Tyrrell and Bynoe ; Hamre and Procknow, 1966) renewed hope that the virological investigation of such infections would be more profitable and the conclusions drawn from epidemiological studies less speculative.A comparison of the standard tissue-culture methods with organ cultures for the isolation of viruses from patients with acute respiratory infections (Higgins, Ellis and Woolley, 1969) showed that, although some viruses undetected by the standard methods could be isolated in organ cultures, both systems were necessary for maximum efficiency. Furthermore, this and other studies in which organ cultures were used (Tyrrell and Bynoe, 1966;Higgins, 1966;McIntosh et al., 1967;Higgins et al., 1970; Roome, Dickinson and Caul, 1971 ;Higgins and Ellis, 1972) were limited by the scarcity of human embryonic material and the laborious nature of the technique. The purpose of this paper is to report on the use of organ cultures in the study of a larger number of cases of acute infection of the respiratory tract. MATERIALS AND METHODSSpecimens were collected and examined by standard met hods, as described previously (Higgins, Ellis and Boston, 1963;Higgins, Boston and Ellis, 1964). A nose and a throat swab were taken from each patient, placed in the same bottle of transport medium and conveyed to the laboratory on melting ice.The standard method of examination included inoculation onto a blood agar plate and into tissue cultures of monkey kidney, the Bristol line of HeLa cells, human-embryo diploid fibroblasts (Wl-38) and human-embryo kidney. The specimens were also inoculated subcutaneously and intracranially into suckling mice.Organ cultures of human-embryo nose and trachea were prepared initially as described by Hoorn but the method was later modified as recommended by Tyrrell and Blamire (1967). For the last 2 yr of the study all organ cultures were maintained in 6 x %-in. (15 x 1.5-cm) test tubes, instead of in 6-cm petri dishes, and transverse sections of trachea were used in preference to longitudinal sections (Higgins and Ellis). The fluids, harvested at intervals, RESULTS Advantages of organ cultures in the study of acute infectionsof the respiratory tract An earlier study in which standard tissue-culture methods and organ culture were used in parallel (Higgins, Ellis and Woolley) showed that organ cultures could be employed most profitably by keeping them for the examination of specimens that were negative by the standard methods. Such specimens from 466 patients with respiratory-tract illnesses, which occurred between May 1966 and Jan. 1971, were examined in organ cultures; 442 of them (95 per cent.) were further passaged once, 230 (49 per cent.) twice and...

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Isolation from Man of "Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus-like" Viruses (Coronaviruses) similar to 229E Virus, with Some Epidemiological Observations

Cited by 97 publications

References 26 publications

Seroepidemiologic Survey of Coronavirus (Strain 229e) Infections in a Population of Children

Seroepidemiologic Survey of Coronavirus (Strain 229e) Infections in a Population of Children

HeLa-ACE2-TMPRSS2 Cells Are Useful for the Isolation of Human Coronavirus 229E

Further Observations on the Use of Organ Cultures in the Study of Acute Respiratorytract Infections

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