Isolation from chick somites of a glycoprotein fraction that causes collapse of dorsal root ganglion growth cones

Davies, Jamie A.; Cook, G. M. W.; Stern, Claudio D.; Keynes, Roger J.

doi:10.1016/0896-6273(90)90439-m

Cited by 282 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…In the reaction considered to be most negative, the entire growth cone "collapses" as it contacts other fibers or cells (Kaplhammer and Raper, 1987;Bandtlow et al, 1990;Moorman and Hume, 1990) or in response to secreted or membrane-bound inhibitory molecules (Cox et al, 1990;Davies et al, 1990;Raper and Kapfhammer, 1990). In our study, we never observed a complete collapse and withdrawal episode of the entire growth cone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Retinal axon divergence in the optic chiasm: dynamics of growth cone behavior at the midline [published erratum appears in J Neurosci 1995 Mar;15(3):following table of contents]

1994

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To study how retinal ganglion cell axons diverge in the optic chiasm, the behavior of dye-labeled fibers was monitored in real time with video microscopy in an isolated preparation of embryonic mouse brain, with a focus on embryonic day 15–16. These real-time studies have revealed the dynamics of the growth of individual retinal axons, especially the tempo of extension and growth cone behaviors during divergence in the chiasm, a model for “decision” regions in developing pathways. Within the chiasm, retinal growth cones extend by saltatory growth, consisting of bursts of rapid advance alternating with pauses in extension. During pauses, growth cone appendages remain motile, and develop asymmetries prior to a change in the axis of growth. In a zone straddling the midline, retinal fibers, irrespective of destination, display long pauses for up to several hours, making small advances and retractions with no net extension. While crossed fibers ultimately progress through the midline, uncrossed fibers from inferior temporal retina develop wide-ranging branched growth cones, and then turn back to the ipsilateral side. Turns are effected by the selective retraction or micropruning of asymmetric foci of motile activity, and by the transformation of a backward-directed filopodium into a new growth cone. The behavior of retinal axons at the midline supports the hypothesis that this locus contains cues important for retinal axon divergence. Moreover, the observations of growth cone kinetics in the chiasm elucidate which growth cone forms seen in static preparations mediate growth cone turning, and suggest a model of axon navigation in decision regions in the intact nervous system.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 54%

Retinal axon divergence in the optic chiasm: dynamics of growth cone behavior at the midline [published erratum appears in J Neurosci 1995 Mar;15(3):following table of contents]

1994

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“…This integration may as well encompass the only partly characterized growth cone collapse-inducing 48 and 55 kDa glycoproteins, which have been isolated previously by PNA affinity chromatography from extracts of cultured somitic strips (Davies et al, 1990). Considering our current lectin blots with almost exclusive staining of the versican core glycoproteins in embryonic trunk extracts, it appears unlikely that these former preparations of PNA-binding protein contained no versicans.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Versican V0 and V1 Direct the Growth of Peripheral Axons in the Developing Chick Hindlimb

Dutt¹,

Cassoly²,

Dours-Zimmermann³

et al. 2011

J. Neurosci.

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Peanut agglutinin-binding disaccharides and chondroitin sulfate mark transient mesenchymal barriers to advancing motor and sensory axons innervating the hindlimbs during chick development. Here we show that the vast majority of these carbohydrates are at the critical stage and location attached to the versican splice variants V0 and V1. We reveal that the isolated isoforms of this extracellular matrix proteoglycan suppress axon extension at low concentrations and induce growth cone collapse and rapid retraction at higher levels. Moreover, we demonstrate that versican V0 and/or V1, recombinantly expressed in collagen-I gels or ectopically deposited in the hindlimbs of chicken embryos in ovo, cause untimely defasciculation and axon stalling. Consequently, severe disturbances of nerve patterning are observed in the versican-treated embryos. Our experiments emphasize the inhibitory capacity of versicans V0 and V1 in axonal growth and evidence for their function as basic guidance cues during development of the peripheral nervous system.

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“…Lately, several papers have shown that the inhibition of growth cone migration may be an equally important navigational cue [Bandtlow et al, 1990;Cox et al, 1990;Davies et al, 1990;Raper and Kapfhammer, 1990;Walter et al, 19901. Like highway dividers and "Do Not Enter" signs, certain molecules may cause growth cones to avoid particular regions, thereby providing guidance.…”

Section: Being Positive About Negative Behavior!mentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation of growth cone motility

Letourneau

Cypher

1991

Cell Motil. Cytoskeleton

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Nerve growth cones are the motile tips of elongating axons and dendrites. The migration and behavior of growth cones are responsible for axonal pathfinding to synaptic targets, and for the branching patterns of dendritic trees. Growth cones are studied at all levels of organization, molecular, cellular, and within intact embryos. Preparations of growth cone fragments from neural tissues or neural cell lines are being used to identify the molecular components of growth cones. Sophisticated videomicroscopy and image processing are revealing the structure, intracellular motility, and metabolism of living growth cones at high resolution. Similar methods permit recording of growth cone activity within intact neural tissues, even complex vertebrate neural structures. These techniques and their findings were the focus of a recent meeting, honoring the discovery of growth cones in 1890 by the Spanish neurobiologist Santiago Ramon y Cajal. The speakers at this meeting wrote chapters for The Nerve Growth Cone, a thorough presentation of growth cone biology [Letourneau et al., 19911. Information in this monograph, as well as recently published papers, has provided several current issues for discussion. Rather than focus on the cytoskeleton and the assembly, disassembly, and organization of actin and tubulin polymers in growth cones, we will emphasize recent studies pertaining to how growth cones interact with their environment. The topics include a new aspect of growth cone behavior, the protein GAP-43 as a specialized component of growth cone motility, second messengers that may regulate growth cone motility, and signal transduction systems that link external cues to the machinery of growth cone migration. For another perspective on growth cone behavior see the recent Views and Reviews by Heidemann and Buxbaum [ 19901.

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Isolation from chick somites of a glycoprotein fraction that causes collapse of dorsal root ganglion growth cones

Cited by 282 publications

References 46 publications

Retinal axon divergence in the optic chiasm: dynamics of growth cone behavior at the midline [published erratum appears in J Neurosci 1995 Mar;15(3):following table of contents]

Retinal axon divergence in the optic chiasm: dynamics of growth cone behavior at the midline [published erratum appears in J Neurosci 1995 Mar;15(3):following table of contents]

Versican V0 and V1 Direct the Growth of Peripheral Axons in the Developing Chick Hindlimb

Regulation of growth cone motility

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