Isolation, characterization, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of flavonoids from the leaves of <i>Perilla frutescens</i>

Yang, Lei; Hou, Yu-Xue; Si, Yueyue; Wang, Wei; Zhang, Shuang; Sun, Shiwei; Liu, Xiaohong; Wang, Rongrong

doi:10.1080/14786419.2018.1544981

Cited by 17 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Liu et al. isolated an Z type aurone derivative (Z)‐4,6‐dimethoxy‐7,4′‐dihydroxyaurone (as shown in Figure 4) from the leaves of Perilla frutescens , but found no apparent inhibitory activity against XO (Liu et al., 2019). However, the carboxylated aurone derivatives have been shown to be potent XO inhibitors.…”

Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in structures required of polyphenols for xanthine oxidase inhibition

et al. 2020

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Polyphenols have been used as natural medicaments for the management of hyperuricemia for a long history. They have been attracted many interests because of the little side effects in curing hyperuricemia, which is an important advantage over the antihyperuricemic drugs. In this review, the structure-activity relationships for polyphenols as xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitors were discussed. It is concluded that the presence of hydroxyl groups, which influences the inhibitory effects, is closely related to whether the substitutions increase the steric hindrance or disturb the interaction of flavonoid with the catalytic site of XO, and the increased size of the molecule after glycosylation may increase the steric hindrance between flavonoid and XO, and consequently reducing the competitive inhibition behaviors. However, there is no obtained simple general rule that can comprehensively describe the effects of structural alteration on the inhibition activity because the results are varied among different subclasses of polyphenols. In addition, the inhibition mechanisms are mainly assumed as polyphenol binding to the active site of XO and hindering the entrance of xanthine or the discharge of uric acid and diffusion of O 2− radical.

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Section: Flavonoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in structures required of polyphenols for xanthine oxidase inhibition

et al. 2020

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“…In 2015, Zhao et al reported that ingredients of Perillae Folium include rosmarinic acid, elemicin, perillaldehyde, and dillapiole [30]. It is well known that Perillae Folium contains a lot of polyphenols and flavonoids such as luteolin, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, scutellarin, caffeic acid, apigenin, chrysoeriol, malvidin, cyanidin, and kaempferol [31][32][33] as well as triterpene acids such as antitumor-promoting tormentic acid [34]. Ueda et al reported in 2002 that oral administration of Perillae Folium extract to mice shows anti-inflammatory and antiallergic activity with inhibiting TNF-α production; luteolin isolated from Perillae Folium extract inhibits serum TNF-α production [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination Extract of Gardeniae Fructus and Perillae Folium Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects on LPS-Activated RAW 264.7 Mouse Macrophages via an ER Stress-Induced CHOP Pathway

Park

2021

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The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of a combination extract of Gardeniae Fructus and Perillae Folium (GP) on inflammatory reactions in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated mouse macrophages RAW 264.7 cells. Multiplex cytokine assay, Fluo-4 calcium assay, Flow cytometry assay for phospho-P38 MAPK, and quantitative PCR were carried out. GP significantly reduced LPS-induced productions of macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1α and monokine induced by gamma interferon (MIG) and release of intracellular calcium in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. GP also significantly inhibited P38 MAPK phosphorylation and mRNA levels of Chop, Camk2a, Stat1, Stat3, Jak2, Fas, Nos2, and Ptgs2 in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Taken together, this study represents that GP exerts anti-inflammatory effects on LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells via ER stress-induced CHOP pathway.

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“…The flavanones in P. frutescens leaves include shisoflavanone A, liquiritigenin, 5,8-dihydroxy-7-methoxyflavanone, (2S)-5,7-dimethoxy-8,4′-dihydroxy flavanone, and 8-hydroxy-5,7-dimethoxyflavanone. The chalcones in P. frutescens leaves include 2′,4′-dimethoxy-4,5′,6′-trihydroxychalcone, and 2′,3′-dihydroxy-4′,6′-dimethoxychalcone, along with an aurone, (Z)-4,6-dimethoxy-7,4′-dihydroxyaurone [ 41 ].…”

Section: Phytoconstituents Of P Frutescensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A chalcone,2′,4′-dimethoxy-4,5′,6′-trihydroxychalcone and a flavone, luteolin (3′,4′,5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone) possess XO inhibitory activity with IC 50 values of 0.21 and 2.18 µM, respectively. The L–B plots demonstrated that chalcone exhibited mixed-type inhibition, whereas luteolin exhibited competitive inhibition [ 41 ]. Furthermore, flavonone, ((2S)-5,7-dimethoxy-8,4′-dihydroxyflavanone); coumarin, esculetin (6,7-dihydroxycoumarin); and scutellarein, (4′,5,6,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone) also exhibited good XO inhibitory activities with IC50 values of 18.44, 32.56, and 48.66 µM, respectively.…”

Section: Biological Functions Of P Frutescensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perilla frutescens: A Rich Source of Pharmacological Active Compounds

et al. 2022

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Perilla frutescens (L.) Britton, an important pharmaceutical and nutraceutical crop, is widely cultivated in East Asian countries. In this review, we present the latest research findings on the phytochemistry and pharmacological activities of P. frutescens. Different databases, including PubMed, Scopus, CNKI, Agricola, Scifinder, Embase, ScienceDirect, DOAJ, and Web of Science, were searched to present the best review. In this review, we clearly represent the active constituents responsible for each and every pharmacological activity, plausible mechanism of action, and maximum inhibitory concentrations, as well as IC50 values. Approximately 400 different bioactive compounds, including alkaloids, terpenoids, quinines, phenylpropanoids, polyphenolic compounds, flavonoids, coumarins, anthocyanins, carotenoids, neolignans, fatty acids, polycosanols, tocopherols, and sitosterols, have been reported in the leaves, seeds, roots, and aerial parts of P. frutescens. The bioactive constituents of P. frutescens exhibited different enzyme-inhibition properties, including antihyaluronidase effects and aldose reductase inhibitory, α-glucosidase inhibitory, xanthine oxidase inhibitory, and tyrosinase inhibitory properties. P. frutescens showed strong anti-inflammatory, antidepressant, anti-spasmodic, anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, insecticidal, neuroprotective, and hepatoprotective effects. Hence, the active constituents of P. frutescens used in the treatment of diabetes and diabetic complications (retinopathy, neuropathy, and nephropathy), prevention of hyperuricemia in gout patients, hyper pigmentation, allergic conditions, skin inflammation, skin allergy, atopic dermatitis, periodontosis, androgenic alopecia, gastric inflammation, oesophagitis, carcinogenesis, cardiovascular, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, and cerebral ischemic disorders. Furthermore, we revealed the most active constituents and possible mechanisms of the pharmacological properties of P. frutescens.

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Isolation, characterization, and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of flavonoids from the leaves of Perilla frutescens

Cited by 17 publications

References 18 publications

Advances in structures required of polyphenols for xanthine oxidase inhibition

Advances in structures required of polyphenols for xanthine oxidase inhibition

A Combination Extract of Gardeniae Fructus and Perillae Folium Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effects on LPS-Activated RAW 264.7 Mouse Macrophages via an ER Stress-Induced CHOP Pathway

Perilla frutescens: A Rich Source of Pharmacological Active Compounds

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