Isolation, characterization, and bioactivities of compounds from Fuscoporia torulosa mushroom

Abstract

Chromatographic purification of Fuscoporia torulosa extracts resulted in the isolation and characterization of a new steroid, 5α,8α‐epidioxyergosta‐6,22‐dien‐3β‐il‐palmitate (1) and 10 known compounds (2–11). The structures of compounds were elucidated by IR, NMR, MS analyses, and comparison with literature data. Cytotoxic activities against MCF‐7 (breast cancer), PC‐3 (prostate cancer), and 3T3 (nontumor) of the extracts and cytotoxic, antioxidant, cholinesterase, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of all isolated compounds were evaluated. The methanol extract and Compound 8 showed the best cytotoxicity against MCF‐7, whereas the hexane extract and Compound 4 displayed the highest cytotoxicity against PC‐3. Compounds 10 and 11 displayed higher antioxidant activity than α‐tocopherol and butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) which are used as standards in ABTS•+, DPPH•, and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) assays. Also, cholinesterase inhibitory activity against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butrylcholinesterase (BChE), Compounds 4 and 8 were determined as the most active compounds. Among all isolated compounds, Compound 11 exhibited the highest tyrosinase inhibitory activity. Practical applications Mushrooms have various important medicinal properties. A detailed study was made to identify the bioactive constituents of Fuscoporia torulosa mushroom and a new (1) and 10 known compounds (2–11) were isolated. Compounds 10 and 11 showed higher antioxidant activity than standards. The methanol extract and Compound 8 exhibited high cytotoxic activity against MCF‐7. Compound 8 indicated potent BChE inhibitory activity. This study suggests that natural compounds isolated from F. torulosa mushroom could be used as promising anticancer, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase agents.

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Suillin: A mixed-type acetylcholinesterase inhibitor from Suillus luteus which is used by Saraguros indigenous, southern Ecuador

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Mushroom extracts and compounds with suppressive action on breast cancer: evidence from studies using cultured cancer cells, tumor-bearing animals, and clinical trials

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